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Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition

Niclosamide has been known to inhibit a number of pH-dependent viruses via the neutralization of endosomal acidic pH. It has also been shown to disrupt the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The replication of many viruses requires mTORC1 activation. Here, we investigated the inhibitory activity of niclosami...

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Autores principales: Niyomdecha, Nattamon, Suptawiwat, Ornpreya, Boonarkart, Chompunuch, Jitobaom, Kunlakunya, Auewarakul, Prasert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7276449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32529067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04050
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author Niyomdecha, Nattamon
Suptawiwat, Ornpreya
Boonarkart, Chompunuch
Jitobaom, Kunlakunya
Auewarakul, Prasert
author_facet Niyomdecha, Nattamon
Suptawiwat, Ornpreya
Boonarkart, Chompunuch
Jitobaom, Kunlakunya
Auewarakul, Prasert
author_sort Niyomdecha, Nattamon
collection PubMed
description Niclosamide has been known to inhibit a number of pH-dependent viruses via the neutralization of endosomal acidic pH. It has also been shown to disrupt the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The replication of many viruses requires mTORC1 activation. Here, we investigated the inhibitory activity of niclosamide against HIV-1, and determined whether mTORC1 inhibition was involved. The cytotoxicity and anti-HIV-1 activity of niclosamide were tested in TZM-bl and SupT1 cells. Niclosamide showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory activity against HIV-1 replication, but the inhibition did not involve the reverse transcription and transcription steps. The mechanism of mTORC1 inhibition was explored by using MHY1485, an mTORC1 activator, to reverse the mTORC1 inhibition, which could partially restore HIV-1 replication. In addition, niclosamide was found to downregulate mTORC1 via AMPK activation, resulting in a decreased phosphorylation of the downstream substrates of S6K and 4EBP1. Niclosamide could also reduce the synthesis of HIV-1 p24 protein. Likewise, MHY-1485 could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of niclosamide by increasing the phosphorylation in the mTORC1 pathway and HIV-1 viral protein synthesis. Our findings, therefore, demonstrated the antiviral mechanism of niclosamide is via the AMPK-mTORC1 pathway, which could be a common therapeutic target for various viruses.
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spelling pubmed-72764492020-06-10 Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition Niyomdecha, Nattamon Suptawiwat, Ornpreya Boonarkart, Chompunuch Jitobaom, Kunlakunya Auewarakul, Prasert Heliyon Article Niclosamide has been known to inhibit a number of pH-dependent viruses via the neutralization of endosomal acidic pH. It has also been shown to disrupt the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The replication of many viruses requires mTORC1 activation. Here, we investigated the inhibitory activity of niclosamide against HIV-1, and determined whether mTORC1 inhibition was involved. The cytotoxicity and anti-HIV-1 activity of niclosamide were tested in TZM-bl and SupT1 cells. Niclosamide showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory activity against HIV-1 replication, but the inhibition did not involve the reverse transcription and transcription steps. The mechanism of mTORC1 inhibition was explored by using MHY1485, an mTORC1 activator, to reverse the mTORC1 inhibition, which could partially restore HIV-1 replication. In addition, niclosamide was found to downregulate mTORC1 via AMPK activation, resulting in a decreased phosphorylation of the downstream substrates of S6K and 4EBP1. Niclosamide could also reduce the synthesis of HIV-1 p24 protein. Likewise, MHY-1485 could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of niclosamide by increasing the phosphorylation in the mTORC1 pathway and HIV-1 viral protein synthesis. Our findings, therefore, demonstrated the antiviral mechanism of niclosamide is via the AMPK-mTORC1 pathway, which could be a common therapeutic target for various viruses. Elsevier 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7276449/ /pubmed/32529067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04050 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Niyomdecha, Nattamon
Suptawiwat, Ornpreya
Boonarkart, Chompunuch
Jitobaom, Kunlakunya
Auewarakul, Prasert
Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title_full Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title_fullStr Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title_full_unstemmed Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title_short Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition
title_sort inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mtorc1 inhibition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7276449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32529067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04050
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