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Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death
Nucleic acids derived from microorganisms are powerful triggers for innate immune responses. Proteins called RNA and DNA sensors detect foreign nucleic acids and, in mammalian cells, include RIG-I, cGAS, and AIM2. On binding to nucleic acids, these proteins initiate signaling cascades that activate...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7322524/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31786265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2019.11.016 |
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author | Maelfait, Jonathan Liverpool, Layal Rehwinkel, Jan |
author_facet | Maelfait, Jonathan Liverpool, Layal Rehwinkel, Jan |
author_sort | Maelfait, Jonathan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nucleic acids derived from microorganisms are powerful triggers for innate immune responses. Proteins called RNA and DNA sensors detect foreign nucleic acids and, in mammalian cells, include RIG-I, cGAS, and AIM2. On binding to nucleic acids, these proteins initiate signaling cascades that activate host defense responses. An important aspect of this defense program is the production of cytokines such as type I interferons and IL-1β. Studies conducted over recent years have revealed that nucleic acid sensors also activate programmed cell death pathways as an innate immune response to infection. Indeed, RNA and DNA sensors induce apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Cell death via these pathways prevents replication of pathogens by eliminating the infected cell and additionally contributes to the release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that programmed cell death triggered by nucleic acid sensors plays an important role in a number of noninfectious pathologies. In addition to nonself DNA and RNA from microorganisms, nucleic acid sensors also recognize endogenous nucleic acids, for example when cells are damaged by genotoxic agents and in certain autoinflammatory diseases. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the links between nucleic acid sensing and cell death and explores important open questions for future studies in this area. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7322524 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73225242020-06-30 Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death Maelfait, Jonathan Liverpool, Layal Rehwinkel, Jan J Mol Biol Article Nucleic acids derived from microorganisms are powerful triggers for innate immune responses. Proteins called RNA and DNA sensors detect foreign nucleic acids and, in mammalian cells, include RIG-I, cGAS, and AIM2. On binding to nucleic acids, these proteins initiate signaling cascades that activate host defense responses. An important aspect of this defense program is the production of cytokines such as type I interferons and IL-1β. Studies conducted over recent years have revealed that nucleic acid sensors also activate programmed cell death pathways as an innate immune response to infection. Indeed, RNA and DNA sensors induce apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Cell death via these pathways prevents replication of pathogens by eliminating the infected cell and additionally contributes to the release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that programmed cell death triggered by nucleic acid sensors plays an important role in a number of noninfectious pathologies. In addition to nonself DNA and RNA from microorganisms, nucleic acid sensors also recognize endogenous nucleic acids, for example when cells are damaged by genotoxic agents and in certain autoinflammatory diseases. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the links between nucleic acid sensing and cell death and explores important open questions for future studies in this area. Elsevier 2020-01-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7322524/ /pubmed/31786265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2019.11.016 Text en © 2019 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Maelfait, Jonathan Liverpool, Layal Rehwinkel, Jan Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title | Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title_full | Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title_fullStr | Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title_full_unstemmed | Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title_short | Nucleic Acid Sensors and Programmed Cell Death |
title_sort | nucleic acid sensors and programmed cell death |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7322524/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31786265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2019.11.016 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT maelfaitjonathan nucleicacidsensorsandprogrammedcelldeath AT liverpoollayal nucleicacidsensorsandprogrammedcelldeath AT rehwinkeljan nucleicacidsensorsandprogrammedcelldeath |