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Extracellular vesicles enhance oxidative stress through P38/NF‐kB pathway in ketamine‐induced ulcerative cystitis
Long‐term abuse of ketamine causes ketamine‐induced cystitis. The functional alterations of bladder epithelial cells in microenvironment during cystitis remain poorly understood. Here, we explored extracellular vesicles (EV) alteration in ketamine‐induced toxicity. To simulate the high‐concentration...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7339200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32441055 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15397 |