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Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells
Grape polyphenols have previously been shown to improve gut health and attenuate the symptoms of metabolic syndrome; however, the mechanism of these beneficial effects is still debated. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE) on bacteria...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32492806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061623 |
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author | Nallathambi, Rameshprabu Poulev, Alexander Zuk, Joshua B. Raskin, Ilya |
author_facet | Nallathambi, Rameshprabu Poulev, Alexander Zuk, Joshua B. Raskin, Ilya |
author_sort | Nallathambi, Rameshprabu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Grape polyphenols have previously been shown to improve gut health and attenuate the symptoms of metabolic syndrome; however, the mechanism of these beneficial effects is still debated. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE) on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and barrier integrity of human Caco-2 colon cells. GSE significantly reduced the LPS-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial superoxide production, and upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. GSE also restored the LPS-damaged mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, GSE increased the expression of tight junction proteins in the LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Our findings suggest that GSE exerts its beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome by scavenging intestinal ROS, thus reducing oxidative stress, increasing epithelial barrier integrity, and decreasing intestinal inflammation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7352846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73528462020-07-15 Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells Nallathambi, Rameshprabu Poulev, Alexander Zuk, Joshua B. Raskin, Ilya Nutrients Article Grape polyphenols have previously been shown to improve gut health and attenuate the symptoms of metabolic syndrome; however, the mechanism of these beneficial effects is still debated. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE) on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and barrier integrity of human Caco-2 colon cells. GSE significantly reduced the LPS-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial superoxide production, and upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. GSE also restored the LPS-damaged mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, GSE increased the expression of tight junction proteins in the LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Our findings suggest that GSE exerts its beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome by scavenging intestinal ROS, thus reducing oxidative stress, increasing epithelial barrier integrity, and decreasing intestinal inflammation. MDPI 2020-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7352846/ /pubmed/32492806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061623 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nallathambi, Rameshprabu Poulev, Alexander Zuk, Joshua B. Raskin, Ilya Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title | Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title_full | Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title_fullStr | Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title_short | Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells |
title_sort | proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract reduces inflammation and oxidative stress and restores tight junction barrier function in caco-2 colon cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32492806 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061623 |
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