A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques

AIM: Kelp forests worldwide are important marine ecosystems that foster high primary to secondary productivity and multiple ecosystem services. These ecosystems are increasingly under threat from extreme storms, changing ocean temperatures, harvesting, and greater herbivore pressure at regional and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schoenrock, Kathryn M., Chan, Kenan M., O'Callaghan, Tony, O'Callaghan, Rory, Golden, Aaron, Krueger‐Hadfield, Stacy A., Power, Anne Marie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32724553
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6345
_version_ 1783563073030717440
author Schoenrock, Kathryn M.
Chan, Kenan M.
O'Callaghan, Tony
O'Callaghan, Rory
Golden, Aaron
Krueger‐Hadfield, Stacy A.
Power, Anne Marie
author_facet Schoenrock, Kathryn M.
Chan, Kenan M.
O'Callaghan, Tony
O'Callaghan, Rory
Golden, Aaron
Krueger‐Hadfield, Stacy A.
Power, Anne Marie
author_sort Schoenrock, Kathryn M.
collection PubMed
description AIM: Kelp forests worldwide are important marine ecosystems that foster high primary to secondary productivity and multiple ecosystem services. These ecosystems are increasingly under threat from extreme storms, changing ocean temperatures, harvesting, and greater herbivore pressure at regional and global scales, necessitating urgent documentation of their historical to present‐day distributions. Species range shifts to higher latitudes have already been documented in some species that dominate subtidal habitats within Europe. Very little is known about kelp forest ecosystems in Ireland, where rocky coastlines are dominated by Laminaria hyperborea. In order to rectify this substantial knowledge gap, we compiled historical records from an array of sources to present historical distribution, kelp and kelp forest recording effort over time, and present rational for the monitoring of kelp habitats to better understand ecosystem resilience. LOCATION: Ireland (Northern Ireland and Éire). METHODS: Herbaria, literature from the Linnaean society dating back to late 1700s, journal articles, government reports, and online databases were scoured for information on L. hyperborea. Information about kelp ecosystems was solicited from dive clubs and citizen science groups that are active along Ireland's coastlines. RESULTS: Data were used to create distribution maps and analyze methodology and technology used to record L. hyperborea presence and kelp ecosystems within Ireland. We discuss the recent surge in studies on Irish kelp ecosystems, fauna associated with kelp ecosystems that may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and suggest methodologies for continued monitoring. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: While there has been a steady increase in recording effort of the dominant subtidal kelp forest species, L. hyperborea, only recently have studies begun to address other important eco‐evolutionary processes at work in kelp forests including connectivity among kelp populations in Ireland. Further monitoring, using suggested methodologies, is required to better understand the resilience of kelp ecosystems in Ireland.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7381581
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-73815812020-07-27 A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques Schoenrock, Kathryn M. Chan, Kenan M. O'Callaghan, Tony O'Callaghan, Rory Golden, Aaron Krueger‐Hadfield, Stacy A. Power, Anne Marie Ecol Evol Reviews AIM: Kelp forests worldwide are important marine ecosystems that foster high primary to secondary productivity and multiple ecosystem services. These ecosystems are increasingly under threat from extreme storms, changing ocean temperatures, harvesting, and greater herbivore pressure at regional and global scales, necessitating urgent documentation of their historical to present‐day distributions. Species range shifts to higher latitudes have already been documented in some species that dominate subtidal habitats within Europe. Very little is known about kelp forest ecosystems in Ireland, where rocky coastlines are dominated by Laminaria hyperborea. In order to rectify this substantial knowledge gap, we compiled historical records from an array of sources to present historical distribution, kelp and kelp forest recording effort over time, and present rational for the monitoring of kelp habitats to better understand ecosystem resilience. LOCATION: Ireland (Northern Ireland and Éire). METHODS: Herbaria, literature from the Linnaean society dating back to late 1700s, journal articles, government reports, and online databases were scoured for information on L. hyperborea. Information about kelp ecosystems was solicited from dive clubs and citizen science groups that are active along Ireland's coastlines. RESULTS: Data were used to create distribution maps and analyze methodology and technology used to record L. hyperborea presence and kelp ecosystems within Ireland. We discuss the recent surge in studies on Irish kelp ecosystems, fauna associated with kelp ecosystems that may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and suggest methodologies for continued monitoring. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: While there has been a steady increase in recording effort of the dominant subtidal kelp forest species, L. hyperborea, only recently have studies begun to address other important eco‐evolutionary processes at work in kelp forests including connectivity among kelp populations in Ireland. Further monitoring, using suggested methodologies, is required to better understand the resilience of kelp ecosystems in Ireland. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7381581/ /pubmed/32724553 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6345 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Reviews
Schoenrock, Kathryn M.
Chan, Kenan M.
O'Callaghan, Tony
O'Callaghan, Rory
Golden, Aaron
Krueger‐Hadfield, Stacy A.
Power, Anne Marie
A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title_full A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title_fullStr A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title_full_unstemmed A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title_short A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
title_sort review of subtidal kelp forests in ireland: from first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32724553
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6345
work_keys_str_mv AT schoenrockkathrynm areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT chankenanm areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT ocallaghantony areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT ocallaghanrory areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT goldenaaron areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT kruegerhadfieldstacya areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT powerannemarie areviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT schoenrockkathrynm reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT chankenanm reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT ocallaghantony reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT ocallaghanrory reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT goldenaaron reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT kruegerhadfieldstacya reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques
AT powerannemarie reviewofsubtidalkelpforestsinirelandfromfirstdescriptionstonewhabitatmonitoringtechniques