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Salycilic Acid Induces Exudation of Crocin and Phenolics in Saffron Suspension-Cultured Cells
The production of crocin, an uncommon and valuable apocarotenoid with strong biological activity, was obtained in a cell suspension culture of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) established from style-derived calli to obtain an in-vitro system for metabolite production. Salycilic acid (SA) was used at diff...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7463527/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32731416 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9080949 |
Sumario: | The production of crocin, an uncommon and valuable apocarotenoid with strong biological activity, was obtained in a cell suspension culture of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) established from style-derived calli to obtain an in-vitro system for metabolite production. Salycilic acid (SA) was used at different concentrations to elicit metabolite production, and its effect was analyzed after a 4 days of treatment. HPLC-DAD analysis was used for total crocin quantification while the Folin-Ciocâlteu method was applied for phenolic compounds (PC) content. Interestingly, despite cell growth inhibition, a considerable exudation was observed when the highest SA concentration was applied, leading to a 7-fold enhanced production of crocin and a 4-fold increase of phenolics compared to mock cells. The maximum antioxidant activity of cell extracts was evidenced after SA 0.1 mM elicitation. Water-soluble extracts of saffron cells at concentrations of 1, 0.5, and 0.1 µg mL(−1) showed significant inhibitory effects on MDA-MB-231 cancer cell viability. The heterologous vacuolar markers RFP-SYP51, GFPgl133Chi, and AleuRFP, were transiently expressed in protoplasts derived from the saffron cell suspensions, revealing that SA application caused a rapid stress effect, leading to cell death. Cell suspension elicitation with SA on the 7th day of the cell growth cycle and 24 h harvest time was optimized to exploit these cells for the highest increase of metabolite production in saffron cells. |
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