Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Combined With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and GM-CSF as Salvage Therapy in a PD-L1-Negative Patient With Refractory Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis, which is often diagnosed at a late stage. Effective treatment options are limited when patients fail standard systemic therapy. The application of PD-1 inhibitors have led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of ESCC, but...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhao, Xiangrong, Kong, Yuehong, Zhang, Liyuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Oncology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7493754/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33014817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01625

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7493754/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33014817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01625

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