Potential pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of Nigella Sativa and Trigonella Foenum-graecum with losartan in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats

The objective of this investigation was to study whether Nigella Sativa and Trigonella Foenum-graecum, could modulate the losartan pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) in experimental L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. For in vivo study, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of rats was measured by the “tail-cuff system” after the treatment of rats with herb alone and herb + losartan in hypertensive rats. The SBP of rats treated with L-NAME + losartan also recorded. For the PK study, blood samples were obtained for up to 12 h to determine the concentrations of the drug, and various PK parameters were calculated. The data displayed that the SBP was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the rats when administered with L-NAME + N. Sativa or L-NAME + T. Foenum-graecum in contrast to the rats administered with L-NAME alone. A more prominent decline (p < 0.05) in SBP was detected in rats administered with L-NAME + N. Sativa + losartan and L-NAME + T. Foenum-graecum + losartan. In a PK study, higher losartan C(max) and AUC(0-t) were noted in rats treated with N. Sativa + losartan and T. Foenum-graecum + losartan, although the difference was not significant in contrast to the control group. This study proposed that the interaction between N. Sativa & losartan and T. Foenum-graecum & losartan could take place on concurrent administration; consequently, the dose of losartan may need to be accustomed when they are utilized simultaneously.