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Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics
The reduced development of COVID-19 for children compared to adults provides some tantalizing clues on the pathogenesis and transmissibility of this pandemic virus. First, ACE2, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor, is reduced in the respiratory tract in children...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32883878 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012358117 |
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author | Steinman, Jonathan Baruch Lum, Fok Moon Ho, Peggy Pui-Kay Kaminski, Naftali Steinman, Lawrence |
author_facet | Steinman, Jonathan Baruch Lum, Fok Moon Ho, Peggy Pui-Kay Kaminski, Naftali Steinman, Lawrence |
author_sort | Steinman, Jonathan Baruch |
collection | PubMed |
description | The reduced development of COVID-19 for children compared to adults provides some tantalizing clues on the pathogenesis and transmissibility of this pandemic virus. First, ACE2, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor, is reduced in the respiratory tract in children. Second, coronavirus associated with common colds in children may offer some protection, due to cross-reactive humoral immunity and T cell immunity between common coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2. Third, T helper 2 immune responses are protective in children. Fourth, surprisingly, eosinophilia, associated with T helper 2, may be protective. Fifth, children generally produce lower levels of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the influence of the downturn in the global economy, the impact of living in quarters among families who are the most at risk, and factors including the openings of some schools, are considered. Those most disadvantaged socioeconomically may suffer disproportionately with COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7547272 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75472722020-10-22 Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics Steinman, Jonathan Baruch Lum, Fok Moon Ho, Peggy Pui-Kay Kaminski, Naftali Steinman, Lawrence Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Perspective The reduced development of COVID-19 for children compared to adults provides some tantalizing clues on the pathogenesis and transmissibility of this pandemic virus. First, ACE2, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor, is reduced in the respiratory tract in children. Second, coronavirus associated with common colds in children may offer some protection, due to cross-reactive humoral immunity and T cell immunity between common coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2. Third, T helper 2 immune responses are protective in children. Fourth, surprisingly, eosinophilia, associated with T helper 2, may be protective. Fifth, children generally produce lower levels of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the influence of the downturn in the global economy, the impact of living in quarters among families who are the most at risk, and factors including the openings of some schools, are considered. Those most disadvantaged socioeconomically may suffer disproportionately with COVID-19. National Academy of Sciences 2020-10-06 2020-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7547272/ /pubmed/32883878 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012358117 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Perspective Steinman, Jonathan Baruch Lum, Fok Moon Ho, Peggy Pui-Kay Kaminski, Naftali Steinman, Lawrence Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title | Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title_full | Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title_fullStr | Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title_full_unstemmed | Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title_short | Reduced development of COVID-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
title_sort | reduced development of covid-19 in children reveals molecular checkpoints gating pathogenesis illuminating potential therapeutics |
topic | Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547272/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32883878 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012358117 |
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