When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response

To effectively defend against microbial pathogens, the host cells mount antiviral innate immune responses by producing interferons (IFNs), and hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Upon recognition of cytoplasmic viral or bacterial DNAs and abnormal endogenous DNAs, the DNA sensor cGAS synthesize...

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Autores principales: Li, Zhaohe, Cai, Siqi, Sun, Yutong, Li, Li, Ding, Siyuan, Wang, Xin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Immunology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7550420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33133062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02064
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author Li, Zhaohe
Cai, Siqi
Sun, Yutong
Li, Li
Ding, Siyuan
Wang, Xin
author_facet Li, Zhaohe
Cai, Siqi
Sun, Yutong
Li, Li
Ding, Siyuan
Wang, Xin
author_sort Li, Zhaohe
collection PubMed
description To effectively defend against microbial pathogens, the host cells mount antiviral innate immune responses by producing interferons (IFNs), and hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Upon recognition of cytoplasmic viral or bacterial DNAs and abnormal endogenous DNAs, the DNA sensor cGAS synthesizes 2’,3’-cGAMP that induces STING (stimulator of interferon genes) undergoing conformational changes, cellular trafficking, and the activation of downstream factors. Therefore, STING plays a pivotal role in preventing microbial pathogen infection by sensing DNAs during pathogen invasion. This review is dedicated to the recent advances in the dynamic regulations of STING activation, intracellular trafficking, and post-translational modifications (PTMs) by the host and microbial proteins.
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spelling pubmed-75504202020-10-29 When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response Li, Zhaohe Cai, Siqi Sun, Yutong Li, Li Ding, Siyuan Wang, Xin Front Immunol Immunology To effectively defend against microbial pathogens, the host cells mount antiviral innate immune responses by producing interferons (IFNs), and hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Upon recognition of cytoplasmic viral or bacterial DNAs and abnormal endogenous DNAs, the DNA sensor cGAS synthesizes 2’,3’-cGAMP that induces STING (stimulator of interferon genes) undergoing conformational changes, cellular trafficking, and the activation of downstream factors. Therefore, STING plays a pivotal role in preventing microbial pathogen infection by sensing DNAs during pathogen invasion. This review is dedicated to the recent advances in the dynamic regulations of STING activation, intracellular trafficking, and post-translational modifications (PTMs) by the host and microbial proteins. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7550420/ /pubmed/33133062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02064 Text en Copyright © 2020 Li, Cai, Sun, Li, Ding and Wang. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Li, Zhaohe
Cai, Siqi
Sun, Yutong
Li, Li
Ding, Siyuan
Wang, Xin
When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title_full When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title_fullStr When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title_full_unstemmed When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title_short When STING Meets Viruses: Sensing, Trafficking and Response
title_sort when sting meets viruses: sensing, trafficking and response
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7550420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33133062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02064
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