Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes
Modern geophysics highlights that the slip behaviour response of faults is variable in space and time and can result in slow or fast ruptures. However, the origin of this variation of the rupture velocity in nature as well as the physics behind it is still debated. Here, we first highlight how the d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552404/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18937-0 |
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author | Passelègue, François X. Almakari, Michelle Dublanchet, Pierre Barras, Fabian Fortin, Jérôme Violay, Marie |
author_facet | Passelègue, François X. Almakari, Michelle Dublanchet, Pierre Barras, Fabian Fortin, Jérôme Violay, Marie |
author_sort | Passelègue, François X. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Modern geophysics highlights that the slip behaviour response of faults is variable in space and time and can result in slow or fast ruptures. However, the origin of this variation of the rupture velocity in nature as well as the physics behind it is still debated. Here, we first highlight how the different types of fault slip observed in nature appear to stem from the same physical mechanism. Second, we reproduce at the scale of the laboratory the complete spectrum of rupture velocities observed in nature. Our results show that the rupture velocity can range from a few millimetres to kilometres per second, depending on the available energy at the onset of slip, in agreement with theoretical predictions. This combined set of observations bring a new explanation of the dominance of slow rupture fronts in the shallow part of the crust or in areas suspected to present large fluid pressure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7552404 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75524042020-10-19 Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes Passelègue, François X. Almakari, Michelle Dublanchet, Pierre Barras, Fabian Fortin, Jérôme Violay, Marie Nat Commun Article Modern geophysics highlights that the slip behaviour response of faults is variable in space and time and can result in slow or fast ruptures. However, the origin of this variation of the rupture velocity in nature as well as the physics behind it is still debated. Here, we first highlight how the different types of fault slip observed in nature appear to stem from the same physical mechanism. Second, we reproduce at the scale of the laboratory the complete spectrum of rupture velocities observed in nature. Our results show that the rupture velocity can range from a few millimetres to kilometres per second, depending on the available energy at the onset of slip, in agreement with theoretical predictions. This combined set of observations bring a new explanation of the dominance of slow rupture fronts in the shallow part of the crust or in areas suspected to present large fluid pressure. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7552404/ /pubmed/33046700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18937-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Passelègue, François X. Almakari, Michelle Dublanchet, Pierre Barras, Fabian Fortin, Jérôme Violay, Marie Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title | Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title_full | Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title_fullStr | Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title_full_unstemmed | Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title_short | Initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
title_sort | initial effective stress controls the nature of earthquakes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552404/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18937-0 |
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