Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), gene-encoding extrachromosomal particles of DNA, is often present in tumor cells. Recent studies have revealed that oncogene amplification via ecDNA is widespread across a diverse range of cancers. ecDNA is involved in increasing tumor heterogeneity, reverting tumor phe...

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Autores principales: Gu, Xiang, Yu, Jie, Chai, Peiwei, Ge, Shengfang, Fan, Xianqun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552444/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01726-4
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author Gu, Xiang
Yu, Jie
Chai, Peiwei
Ge, Shengfang
Fan, Xianqun
author_facet Gu, Xiang
Yu, Jie
Chai, Peiwei
Ge, Shengfang
Fan, Xianqun
author_sort Gu, Xiang
collection PubMed
description Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), gene-encoding extrachromosomal particles of DNA, is often present in tumor cells. Recent studies have revealed that oncogene amplification via ecDNA is widespread across a diverse range of cancers. ecDNA is involved in increasing tumor heterogeneity, reverting tumor phenotypes, and enhancing gene expression and tumor resistance to chemotherapy, indicating that it plays a significant role in tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and genesis of ecDNA, connect these characteristics with their concomitant influences on tumorigenesis, enumerate the oncogenes encoded by ecDNA in multiple cancers, elaborate the roles of ecDNA in tumor pathogenesis and progression, and propose the considerable research and therapeutic prospects of ecDNA in cancer.
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spelling pubmed-75524442020-10-13 Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression Gu, Xiang Yu, Jie Chai, Peiwei Ge, Shengfang Fan, Xianqun J Exp Clin Cancer Res Review Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), gene-encoding extrachromosomal particles of DNA, is often present in tumor cells. Recent studies have revealed that oncogene amplification via ecDNA is widespread across a diverse range of cancers. ecDNA is involved in increasing tumor heterogeneity, reverting tumor phenotypes, and enhancing gene expression and tumor resistance to chemotherapy, indicating that it plays a significant role in tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and genesis of ecDNA, connect these characteristics with their concomitant influences on tumorigenesis, enumerate the oncogenes encoded by ecDNA in multiple cancers, elaborate the roles of ecDNA in tumor pathogenesis and progression, and propose the considerable research and therapeutic prospects of ecDNA in cancer. BioMed Central 2020-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7552444/ /pubmed/33046109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01726-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Gu, Xiang
Yu, Jie
Chai, Peiwei
Ge, Shengfang
Fan, Xianqun
Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title_full Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title_fullStr Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title_full_unstemmed Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title_short Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
title_sort novel insights into extrachromosomal dna: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552444/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01726-4
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