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iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease
The rhomboid family are evolutionary conserved intramembrane proteases. Their inactive members, iRhom in Drosophila melanogaster and iRhom1 and iRhom2 in mammals, lack the catalytic center and are hence labelled “inactive” rhomboid family members. In mammals, both iRhoms are involved in maturation a...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32911849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186570 |
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author | Al-Salihi, Mazin A. Lang, Philipp A. |
author_facet | Al-Salihi, Mazin A. Lang, Philipp A. |
author_sort | Al-Salihi, Mazin A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The rhomboid family are evolutionary conserved intramembrane proteases. Their inactive members, iRhom in Drosophila melanogaster and iRhom1 and iRhom2 in mammals, lack the catalytic center and are hence labelled “inactive” rhomboid family members. In mammals, both iRhoms are involved in maturation and trafficking of the ubiquitous transmembrane protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17, which through cleaving many biologically active molecules has a critical role in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Notch signaling. Accordingly, with iRhom2 having a profound influence on ADAM17 activation and substrate specificity it regulates these signaling pathways. Moreover, iRhom2 has a role in the innate immune response to both RNA and DNA viruses and in regulation of keratin subtype expression in wound healing and cancer. Here we review the role of iRhom2 in immunity and disease, both dependent and independent of its regulation of ADAM17. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7554728 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75547282020-10-14 iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease Al-Salihi, Mazin A. Lang, Philipp A. Int J Mol Sci Review The rhomboid family are evolutionary conserved intramembrane proteases. Their inactive members, iRhom in Drosophila melanogaster and iRhom1 and iRhom2 in mammals, lack the catalytic center and are hence labelled “inactive” rhomboid family members. In mammals, both iRhoms are involved in maturation and trafficking of the ubiquitous transmembrane protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17, which through cleaving many biologically active molecules has a critical role in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Notch signaling. Accordingly, with iRhom2 having a profound influence on ADAM17 activation and substrate specificity it regulates these signaling pathways. Moreover, iRhom2 has a role in the innate immune response to both RNA and DNA viruses and in regulation of keratin subtype expression in wound healing and cancer. Here we review the role of iRhom2 in immunity and disease, both dependent and independent of its regulation of ADAM17. MDPI 2020-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7554728/ /pubmed/32911849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186570 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Al-Salihi, Mazin A. Lang, Philipp A. iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title | iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title_full | iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title_fullStr | iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title_short | iRhom2: An Emerging Adaptor Regulating Immunity and Disease |
title_sort | irhom2: an emerging adaptor regulating immunity and disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32911849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186570 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT alsalihimazina irhom2anemergingadaptorregulatingimmunityanddisease AT langphilippa irhom2anemergingadaptorregulatingimmunityanddisease |