Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

Neurodegenerative disease refers to any pathological condition in which there is a progressive decline in neuronal function resulting from brain atrophy. Despite the immense efforts invested over recent decades in developing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, effective therapy for these cond...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Guy, Reut, Offen, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564210/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32942544
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091320
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author Guy, Reut
Offen, Daniel
author_facet Guy, Reut
Offen, Daniel
author_sort Guy, Reut
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description Neurodegenerative disease refers to any pathological condition in which there is a progressive decline in neuronal function resulting from brain atrophy. Despite the immense efforts invested over recent decades in developing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, effective therapy for these conditions is still an unmet need. One of the promising options for promoting brain recovery and regeneration is mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. The therapeutic effect of MSCs is thought to be mediated by their secretome, and specifically, by their exosomes. Research shows that MSC-derived exosomes retain some of the characteristics of their parent MSCs, such as immune system modulation, regulation of neurite outgrowth, promotion of angiogenesis, and the ability to repair damaged tissue. Here, we summarize the functional outcomes observed in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases following MSC-derived exosome treatment. We will examine the proposed mechanisms of action through which MSC-derived exosomes mediate their therapeutic effects and review advanced studies that attempt to enhance the improvement achieved using MSC-derived exosome treatment, with a view towards future clinical use.
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spelling pubmed-75642102020-10-26 Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Guy, Reut Offen, Daniel Biomolecules Review Neurodegenerative disease refers to any pathological condition in which there is a progressive decline in neuronal function resulting from brain atrophy. Despite the immense efforts invested over recent decades in developing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, effective therapy for these conditions is still an unmet need. One of the promising options for promoting brain recovery and regeneration is mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. The therapeutic effect of MSCs is thought to be mediated by their secretome, and specifically, by their exosomes. Research shows that MSC-derived exosomes retain some of the characteristics of their parent MSCs, such as immune system modulation, regulation of neurite outgrowth, promotion of angiogenesis, and the ability to repair damaged tissue. Here, we summarize the functional outcomes observed in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases following MSC-derived exosome treatment. We will examine the proposed mechanisms of action through which MSC-derived exosomes mediate their therapeutic effects and review advanced studies that attempt to enhance the improvement achieved using MSC-derived exosome treatment, with a view towards future clinical use. MDPI 2020-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7564210/ /pubmed/32942544 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091320 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Guy, Reut
Offen, Daniel
Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title_full Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title_fullStr Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title_full_unstemmed Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title_short Promising Opportunities for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
title_sort promising opportunities for treating neurodegenerative diseases with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564210/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32942544
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091320
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