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Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil

INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, on...

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Autores principales: da Silva, Evanildo José, Pereira, Daniela Porto, Ambrózio, João Octávio Augusto Murta, Barboza, Laiara Morais, Fonseca, Vivian Ladeira, Caldeira, Antônio Prates
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7580275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33111907
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0056-2020
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author da Silva, Evanildo José
Pereira, Daniela Porto
Ambrózio, João Octávio Augusto Murta
Barboza, Laiara Morais
Fonseca, Vivian Ladeira
Caldeira, Antônio Prates
author_facet da Silva, Evanildo José
Pereira, Daniela Porto
Ambrózio, João Octávio Augusto Murta
Barboza, Laiara Morais
Fonseca, Vivian Ladeira
Caldeira, Antônio Prates
author_sort da Silva, Evanildo José
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, one of the poorest regions in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized clinical evaluation and a socioeconomic questionnaire applied to a random and representative sample of elementary school students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants underwent conjunctival scraping and direct immunofluorescence was used to confirm the presence of the bacteria. Five or more elementary bodies in the conjunctival scrape was considered a positive result. In the study, 36.6% positive samples were detected. A culture of the conjunctival scrape, considered to be the "gold standard", was not performed due to cost and complexity. Bivariate analyses were performed, followed by binary logistic regression analysis to define the associated variables. RESULTS: In the present study, 478 students comprised the sample. The prevalence of trachoma was 6.3% and was higher among students who lived in unfinished houses (no plastering, painting, flooring, and unfinished bathrooms) (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.12-6.48) without sewage systems (OR = 9.49; 95% CI = 3.52-25.60) and studied in rural areas (OR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.53-7.35). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of trachoma among the students aged 7 to 16 years old, from public and private schools, is not negligible and is especially associated with inadequate living conditions.
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spelling pubmed-75802752020-10-23 Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil da Silva, Evanildo José Pereira, Daniela Porto Ambrózio, João Octávio Augusto Murta Barboza, Laiara Morais Fonseca, Vivian Ladeira Caldeira, Antônio Prates Rev Soc Bras Med Trop Major Article INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, one of the poorest regions in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized clinical evaluation and a socioeconomic questionnaire applied to a random and representative sample of elementary school students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants underwent conjunctival scraping and direct immunofluorescence was used to confirm the presence of the bacteria. Five or more elementary bodies in the conjunctival scrape was considered a positive result. In the study, 36.6% positive samples were detected. A culture of the conjunctival scrape, considered to be the "gold standard", was not performed due to cost and complexity. Bivariate analyses were performed, followed by binary logistic regression analysis to define the associated variables. RESULTS: In the present study, 478 students comprised the sample. The prevalence of trachoma was 6.3% and was higher among students who lived in unfinished houses (no plastering, painting, flooring, and unfinished bathrooms) (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.12-6.48) without sewage systems (OR = 9.49; 95% CI = 3.52-25.60) and studied in rural areas (OR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.53-7.35). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of trachoma among the students aged 7 to 16 years old, from public and private schools, is not negligible and is especially associated with inadequate living conditions. Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7580275/ /pubmed/33111907 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0056-2020 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
spellingShingle Major Article
da Silva, Evanildo José
Pereira, Daniela Porto
Ambrózio, João Octávio Augusto Murta
Barboza, Laiara Morais
Fonseca, Vivian Ladeira
Caldeira, Antônio Prates
Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_full Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_fullStr Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_short Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_sort prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the jequitinhonha valley, minas gerais, brazil
topic Major Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7580275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33111907
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0056-2020
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