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Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Promoting cycling to school may benefit establishing a lifelong physical activity routine. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on strategies and effects of school-based interventions focusing on increasing active school transport by bicycle. METHODS: A literature searc...

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Autores principales: Schönbach, Dorothea M. I., Altenburg, Teatske M., Marques, Adilson, Chinapaw, Mai J. M., Demetriou, Yolanda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7661215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33183331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01035-1
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author Schönbach, Dorothea M. I.
Altenburg, Teatske M.
Marques, Adilson
Chinapaw, Mai J. M.
Demetriou, Yolanda
author_facet Schönbach, Dorothea M. I.
Altenburg, Teatske M.
Marques, Adilson
Chinapaw, Mai J. M.
Demetriou, Yolanda
author_sort Schönbach, Dorothea M. I.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Promoting cycling to school may benefit establishing a lifelong physical activity routine. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on strategies and effects of school-based interventions focusing on increasing active school transport by bicycle. METHODS: A literature search based on “PICo” was conducted in eight electronic databases. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials with primary/secondary school students of all ages were included that conducted pre-post measurements of a school-based intervention aimed at promoting active school travel by bicycle and were published in English between 2000 and 2019. The methodological quality was assessed using the “Effective Public Health Practice Project” tool for quantitative studies. Applied behavior change techniques were identified using the “BCT Taxonomy v1”. Two independent researchers undertook the screening, data extraction, appraisal of study quality, and behavior change techniques. RESULTS: Nine studies investigating seven unique interventions performed between 2012 and 2018 were included. All studies were rated as weak quality. The narrative synthesis identified 19 applied behavior change techniques clustered in eleven main groups according to their similarities and a variety of 35 different outcome variables classified into seven main groups. Most outcomes were related to active school travel and psychosocial factors, followed by physical fitness, physical activity levels, weight status, active travel and cycling skills. Four studies, examining in total nine different outcomes, found a significant effect in favor of the intervention group on bicycle trips to school (boys only), percentage of daily cycling trips to school, parental/child self-efficacy, parental outcome expectations, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (total, from cycling, before/after school), and total basic cycling skills. Seven of these outcomes were only examined in two studies conducting the same intervention in children, a voluntary bicycle train to/from school accompanied by adults, including the following clustered main groups of behavior change techniques: shaping knowledge, comparison of behavior, repetition and substitution as well as antecedents. CONCLUSIONS: The applied strategies in a bicycle train intervention among children indicated great potential to increase cycling to school. Our findings provide relevant insights for the design and implementation of future school-based interventions targeting active school transport by bicycle. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This systematic review has been registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews “PROSPERO” at (registration number: CRD42019125192). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12966-020-01035-1.
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spelling pubmed-76612152020-11-13 Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review Schönbach, Dorothea M. I. Altenburg, Teatske M. Marques, Adilson Chinapaw, Mai J. M. Demetriou, Yolanda Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Review BACKGROUND: Promoting cycling to school may benefit establishing a lifelong physical activity routine. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on strategies and effects of school-based interventions focusing on increasing active school transport by bicycle. METHODS: A literature search based on “PICo” was conducted in eight electronic databases. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials with primary/secondary school students of all ages were included that conducted pre-post measurements of a school-based intervention aimed at promoting active school travel by bicycle and were published in English between 2000 and 2019. The methodological quality was assessed using the “Effective Public Health Practice Project” tool for quantitative studies. Applied behavior change techniques were identified using the “BCT Taxonomy v1”. Two independent researchers undertook the screening, data extraction, appraisal of study quality, and behavior change techniques. RESULTS: Nine studies investigating seven unique interventions performed between 2012 and 2018 were included. All studies were rated as weak quality. The narrative synthesis identified 19 applied behavior change techniques clustered in eleven main groups according to their similarities and a variety of 35 different outcome variables classified into seven main groups. Most outcomes were related to active school travel and psychosocial factors, followed by physical fitness, physical activity levels, weight status, active travel and cycling skills. Four studies, examining in total nine different outcomes, found a significant effect in favor of the intervention group on bicycle trips to school (boys only), percentage of daily cycling trips to school, parental/child self-efficacy, parental outcome expectations, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (total, from cycling, before/after school), and total basic cycling skills. Seven of these outcomes were only examined in two studies conducting the same intervention in children, a voluntary bicycle train to/from school accompanied by adults, including the following clustered main groups of behavior change techniques: shaping knowledge, comparison of behavior, repetition and substitution as well as antecedents. CONCLUSIONS: The applied strategies in a bicycle train intervention among children indicated great potential to increase cycling to school. Our findings provide relevant insights for the design and implementation of future school-based interventions targeting active school transport by bicycle. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This systematic review has been registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews “PROSPERO” at (registration number: CRD42019125192). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12966-020-01035-1. BioMed Central 2020-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7661215/ /pubmed/33183331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01035-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Schönbach, Dorothea M. I.
Altenburg, Teatske M.
Marques, Adilson
Chinapaw, Mai J. M.
Demetriou, Yolanda
Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title_full Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title_fullStr Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title_short Strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
title_sort strategies and effects of school-based interventions to promote active school transportation by bicycle among children and adolescents: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7661215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33183331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01035-1
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