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Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context

Current food consumption patterns must be revised in order to improve their sustainability. The nutritional, environmental, and economic consequences of these dietary patterns must be taken into consideration when diet guidelines are proposed. This study applied a systematic optimization methodology...

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Autores principales: Abejón, Ricardo, Batlle-Bayer, Laura, Laso, Jara, Bala, Alba, Vazquez-Rowe, Ian, Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo, Margallo, María, Cristobal, Jorge, Puig, Rita, Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere, Aldaco, Rubén
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7696294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33207725
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111677
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author Abejón, Ricardo
Batlle-Bayer, Laura
Laso, Jara
Bala, Alba
Vazquez-Rowe, Ian
Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo
Margallo, María
Cristobal, Jorge
Puig, Rita
Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere
Aldaco, Rubén
author_facet Abejón, Ricardo
Batlle-Bayer, Laura
Laso, Jara
Bala, Alba
Vazquez-Rowe, Ian
Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo
Margallo, María
Cristobal, Jorge
Puig, Rita
Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere
Aldaco, Rubén
author_sort Abejón, Ricardo
collection PubMed
description Current food consumption patterns must be revised in order to improve their sustainability. The nutritional, environmental, and economic consequences of these dietary patterns must be taken into consideration when diet guidelines are proposed. This study applied a systematic optimization methodology to define sustainable dietary patterns complying with nutritional, environmental, and economic issues. The methodology was based on a multi-objective optimization model that considered a distance-to-target approach. Although the three simultaneous objectives (maximal nutritional contribution, minimal greenhouse gas emissions, and minimal costs) could be divergent, the proposed model identified the optimal intake of each food product to achieve the maximal level of nutritional, environmental, and economic diets. This model was applied to six different eating patterns within the Spanish context: one based on current food consumption and five alternative diets. The results revealed that dietary patterns with improved nutritional profiles and reduced environmental impacts could be defined without additional costs just by increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and legumes, while reducing the intake of meat and fish.
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spelling pubmed-76962942020-11-29 Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context Abejón, Ricardo Batlle-Bayer, Laura Laso, Jara Bala, Alba Vazquez-Rowe, Ian Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo Margallo, María Cristobal, Jorge Puig, Rita Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere Aldaco, Rubén Foods Article Current food consumption patterns must be revised in order to improve their sustainability. The nutritional, environmental, and economic consequences of these dietary patterns must be taken into consideration when diet guidelines are proposed. This study applied a systematic optimization methodology to define sustainable dietary patterns complying with nutritional, environmental, and economic issues. The methodology was based on a multi-objective optimization model that considered a distance-to-target approach. Although the three simultaneous objectives (maximal nutritional contribution, minimal greenhouse gas emissions, and minimal costs) could be divergent, the proposed model identified the optimal intake of each food product to achieve the maximal level of nutritional, environmental, and economic diets. This model was applied to six different eating patterns within the Spanish context: one based on current food consumption and five alternative diets. The results revealed that dietary patterns with improved nutritional profiles and reduced environmental impacts could be defined without additional costs just by increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and legumes, while reducing the intake of meat and fish. MDPI 2020-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7696294/ /pubmed/33207725 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111677 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Abejón, Ricardo
Batlle-Bayer, Laura
Laso, Jara
Bala, Alba
Vazquez-Rowe, Ian
Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo
Margallo, María
Cristobal, Jorge
Puig, Rita
Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere
Aldaco, Rubén
Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title_full Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title_fullStr Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title_full_unstemmed Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title_short Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context
title_sort multi-objective optimization of nutritional, environmental and economic aspects of diets applied to the spanish context
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7696294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33207725
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111677
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