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Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi

Chagas disease is a major public health problem in Latin America. The mixed Th1/Th2 immune response is required against Trypanosoma cruzi. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) has been shown to have germicidal efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the EOW effectiveness in T. cruzi-infe...

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Autores principales: Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia, Cabrera-Mata, Juan José, Carrillo-Sánchez, Silvia del C., Gutiérrez-Ocejo, Rodolfo A., Baylón-Pacheco, Lidia, Pérez-Reyes, Olga L., Rosales-Encina, José Luis, Aranda-Fraustro, Alberto, Hernández-García, Sergio, Arce-Fonseca, Minerva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7700191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33238401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110974
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author Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia
Cabrera-Mata, Juan José
Carrillo-Sánchez, Silvia del C.
Gutiérrez-Ocejo, Rodolfo A.
Baylón-Pacheco, Lidia
Pérez-Reyes, Olga L.
Rosales-Encina, José Luis
Aranda-Fraustro, Alberto
Hernández-García, Sergio
Arce-Fonseca, Minerva
author_facet Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia
Cabrera-Mata, Juan José
Carrillo-Sánchez, Silvia del C.
Gutiérrez-Ocejo, Rodolfo A.
Baylón-Pacheco, Lidia
Pérez-Reyes, Olga L.
Rosales-Encina, José Luis
Aranda-Fraustro, Alberto
Hernández-García, Sergio
Arce-Fonseca, Minerva
author_sort Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia
collection PubMed
description Chagas disease is a major public health problem in Latin America. The mixed Th1/Th2 immune response is required against Trypanosoma cruzi. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) has been shown to have germicidal efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the EOW effectiveness in T. cruzi-infected BALB/c mice clinically, immunologically, and histologically. The severity of the infection was assessed by parasitaemia, general health condition, mortality, mega syndromes, and histological lesions. IgG, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-1 beta levels were quantified. The EOW administration showed a beneficial effect on parasitaemia, general physical condition, and mortality. High levels of IgG1 at 50 days postinfection were observed. Prophylactic EOW treatment was able to induce a predominantly TH1 immune response based on an IgG2a levels increase at the late acute phase, and a 10-fold increase of IFN-gamma in whole acute phase. EOW was able to control the acute phase infection as effectively as benznidazole. Splenomegaly was caused by EOW treatment and lymphadenopathy was stimulated by T. cruzi infection in all groups. Severe tissue damage was not prevented by EOW treatments. Moderate efficacy may be due to immunomodulatory properties and not to a direct toxic effect on the parasite.
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spelling pubmed-77001912020-11-30 Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia Cabrera-Mata, Juan José Carrillo-Sánchez, Silvia del C. Gutiérrez-Ocejo, Rodolfo A. Baylón-Pacheco, Lidia Pérez-Reyes, Olga L. Rosales-Encina, José Luis Aranda-Fraustro, Alberto Hernández-García, Sergio Arce-Fonseca, Minerva Pathogens Article Chagas disease is a major public health problem in Latin America. The mixed Th1/Th2 immune response is required against Trypanosoma cruzi. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) has been shown to have germicidal efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the EOW effectiveness in T. cruzi-infected BALB/c mice clinically, immunologically, and histologically. The severity of the infection was assessed by parasitaemia, general health condition, mortality, mega syndromes, and histological lesions. IgG, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-1 beta levels were quantified. The EOW administration showed a beneficial effect on parasitaemia, general physical condition, and mortality. High levels of IgG1 at 50 days postinfection were observed. Prophylactic EOW treatment was able to induce a predominantly TH1 immune response based on an IgG2a levels increase at the late acute phase, and a 10-fold increase of IFN-gamma in whole acute phase. EOW was able to control the acute phase infection as effectively as benznidazole. Splenomegaly was caused by EOW treatment and lymphadenopathy was stimulated by T. cruzi infection in all groups. Severe tissue damage was not prevented by EOW treatments. Moderate efficacy may be due to immunomodulatory properties and not to a direct toxic effect on the parasite. MDPI 2020-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7700191/ /pubmed/33238401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110974 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rodríguez-Morales, Olivia
Cabrera-Mata, Juan José
Carrillo-Sánchez, Silvia del C.
Gutiérrez-Ocejo, Rodolfo A.
Baylón-Pacheco, Lidia
Pérez-Reyes, Olga L.
Rosales-Encina, José Luis
Aranda-Fraustro, Alberto
Hernández-García, Sergio
Arce-Fonseca, Minerva
Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title_full Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title_fullStr Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title_full_unstemmed Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title_short Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Modulates the Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
title_sort electrolyzed oxidizing water modulates the immune response in balb/c mice experimentally infected with trypanosoma cruzi
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7700191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33238401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110974
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