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Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments

Learning to successfully navigate social environments is a critical developmental goal, predictive of long-term wellbeing. However, little is known about how people learn to adjust to different social environments, and how this behaviour emerges across development. Here, we use a series of economic...

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Autores principales: Westhoff, Bianca, Molleman, Lucas, Viding, Essi, van den Bos, Wouter, van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7729944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33303840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78546-1
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author Westhoff, Bianca
Molleman, Lucas
Viding, Essi
van den Bos, Wouter
van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K.
author_facet Westhoff, Bianca
Molleman, Lucas
Viding, Essi
van den Bos, Wouter
van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K.
author_sort Westhoff, Bianca
collection PubMed
description Learning to successfully navigate social environments is a critical developmental goal, predictive of long-term wellbeing. However, little is known about how people learn to adjust to different social environments, and how this behaviour emerges across development. Here, we use a series of economic games to assess how children, adolescents, and young adults learn to adjust to social environments that differ in their level of cooperation (i.e., trust and coordination). Our results show an asymmetric developmental pattern: adjustment requiring uncooperative behaviour remains constant across adolescence, but adjustment requiring cooperative behaviour improves markedly across adolescence. Behavioural and computational analyses reveal that age-related differences in this social learning are shaped by age-related differences in the degree of inequality aversion and in the updating of beliefs about others. Our findings point to early adolescence as a phase of rapid change in cooperative behaviours, and highlight this as a key developmental window for interventions promoting well-adjusted social behaviour.
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spelling pubmed-77299442020-12-14 Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments Westhoff, Bianca Molleman, Lucas Viding, Essi van den Bos, Wouter van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K. Sci Rep Article Learning to successfully navigate social environments is a critical developmental goal, predictive of long-term wellbeing. However, little is known about how people learn to adjust to different social environments, and how this behaviour emerges across development. Here, we use a series of economic games to assess how children, adolescents, and young adults learn to adjust to social environments that differ in their level of cooperation (i.e., trust and coordination). Our results show an asymmetric developmental pattern: adjustment requiring uncooperative behaviour remains constant across adolescence, but adjustment requiring cooperative behaviour improves markedly across adolescence. Behavioural and computational analyses reveal that age-related differences in this social learning are shaped by age-related differences in the degree of inequality aversion and in the updating of beliefs about others. Our findings point to early adolescence as a phase of rapid change in cooperative behaviours, and highlight this as a key developmental window for interventions promoting well-adjusted social behaviour. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7729944/ /pubmed/33303840 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78546-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Westhoff, Bianca
Molleman, Lucas
Viding, Essi
van den Bos, Wouter
van Duijvenvoorde, Anna C. K.
Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title_full Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title_fullStr Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title_full_unstemmed Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title_short Developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
title_sort developmental asymmetries in learning to adjust to cooperative and uncooperative environments
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7729944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33303840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78546-1
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