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Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota

Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases yearly, and is three to four times higher in developed countries compared to developing countries. The well-known risk factors have been attributed to low physical activity, overweight, obesity, dietary consumption including excessive consumption of red pr...

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Autores principales: Loke, Yean Leng, Chew, Ming Tsuey, Ngeow, Yun Fong, Lim, Wendy Wan Dee, Peh, Suat Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7753026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33364203
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.603086
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author Loke, Yean Leng
Chew, Ming Tsuey
Ngeow, Yun Fong
Lim, Wendy Wan Dee
Peh, Suat Cheng
author_facet Loke, Yean Leng
Chew, Ming Tsuey
Ngeow, Yun Fong
Lim, Wendy Wan Dee
Peh, Suat Cheng
author_sort Loke, Yean Leng
collection PubMed
description Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases yearly, and is three to four times higher in developed countries compared to developing countries. The well-known risk factors have been attributed to low physical activity, overweight, obesity, dietary consumption including excessive consumption of red processed meats, alcohol, and low dietary fiber content. There is growing evidence of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota in CRC carcinogenesis. Although there appears to be a direct causal role for gut microbes in the development of CRC in some animal models, the link between diet, gut microbes, and colonic carcinogenesis has been established largely as an association rather than as a cause-and-effect relationship. This is especially true for human studies. As essential dietary factors influence CRC risk, the role of proteins, carbohydrates, fat, and their end products are considered as part of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota. The underlying molecular mechanisms of colon carcinogenesis mediated by gut microbiota are also discussed. Human biological responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage can all influence dysbiosis and consequently CRC carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis could add to CRC risk by shifting the effect of dietary components toward promoting a colonic neoplasm together with interacting with gut microbiota. It follows that dietary intervention and gut microbiota modulation may play a vital role in reducing CRC risk.
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spelling pubmed-77530262020-12-23 Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota Loke, Yean Leng Chew, Ming Tsuey Ngeow, Yun Fong Lim, Wendy Wan Dee Peh, Suat Cheng Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases yearly, and is three to four times higher in developed countries compared to developing countries. The well-known risk factors have been attributed to low physical activity, overweight, obesity, dietary consumption including excessive consumption of red processed meats, alcohol, and low dietary fiber content. There is growing evidence of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota in CRC carcinogenesis. Although there appears to be a direct causal role for gut microbes in the development of CRC in some animal models, the link between diet, gut microbes, and colonic carcinogenesis has been established largely as an association rather than as a cause-and-effect relationship. This is especially true for human studies. As essential dietary factors influence CRC risk, the role of proteins, carbohydrates, fat, and their end products are considered as part of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota. The underlying molecular mechanisms of colon carcinogenesis mediated by gut microbiota are also discussed. Human biological responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage can all influence dysbiosis and consequently CRC carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis could add to CRC risk by shifting the effect of dietary components toward promoting a colonic neoplasm together with interacting with gut microbiota. It follows that dietary intervention and gut microbiota modulation may play a vital role in reducing CRC risk. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7753026/ /pubmed/33364203 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.603086 Text en Copyright © 2020 Loke, Chew, Ngeow, Lim and Peh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Loke, Yean Leng
Chew, Ming Tsuey
Ngeow, Yun Fong
Lim, Wendy Wan Dee
Peh, Suat Cheng
Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title_full Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title_fullStr Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title_full_unstemmed Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title_short Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota
title_sort colon carcinogenesis: the interplay between diet and gut microbiota
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7753026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33364203
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.603086
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