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Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming

Wheat is a dietary staple consumed worldwide strongly responsible for proteins and carbohydrate population intake. However, wheat production and quality will scarcely fulfill forward demands, which are compounded by high-temperature (HT) events as heatwaves, increasingly common in Portugal. Thus, la...

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Autores principales: Tomás, Diana, Coelho, Luís Pinto, Rodrigues, José Carlos, Viegas, Wanda, Silva, Manuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7756116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362824
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.594977
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author Tomás, Diana
Coelho, Luís Pinto
Rodrigues, José Carlos
Viegas, Wanda
Silva, Manuela
author_facet Tomás, Diana
Coelho, Luís Pinto
Rodrigues, José Carlos
Viegas, Wanda
Silva, Manuela
author_sort Tomás, Diana
collection PubMed
description Wheat is a dietary staple consumed worldwide strongly responsible for proteins and carbohydrate population intake. However, wheat production and quality will scarcely fulfill forward demands, which are compounded by high-temperature (HT) events as heatwaves, increasingly common in Portugal. Thus, landraces assume crucial importance as potential reservoirs of useful traits for wheat breeding and may be pre-adapted to extreme environmental conditions. This work evaluates four Portuguese landrace yield and grain composition through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, particularly protein content, and their responses to HT treatment mimicking a heatwave. Landraces showed distinct yield traits, especially plant height and first spike grain number, and a similar pattern in FTIR spectra, although revealing differences in grain components’ proportions. Comparison between spectra band intensity indicates that Ardito has the highest protein-related peaks, contrary to Magueija, which appears to be the landrace with higher lipid content. In plants submitted to 1 week of HT treatment 10 days after anthesis, the first spike grain size and weight were markedly reduced in all landraces. Additionally, it was observed that a general increase in grain protein content in the four landraces, being the increment observed in Ardito and Grécia, is statistically significant. The comparative assessment of control and HT average FTIR spectra denoted also the occurrence of alterations in grain polysaccharide composition. An integrated assessment of the evaluations performed revealed that Ardito and Magueija landraces presented diverse yield-related characteristics and distinct responses to cope with HT. In fact, the former landrace revealed considerable grain yield diminution along with an increase in grain protein proportion after HT, while the latter showed a significant increase in spikes and grain number, with grain quality detriment. These results reinforce the relevance of scrutinizing old genotype diversity seeking for useful characteristics, particularly considering HT impact on grain production and quality.
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spelling pubmed-77561162020-12-24 Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming Tomás, Diana Coelho, Luís Pinto Rodrigues, José Carlos Viegas, Wanda Silva, Manuela Front Plant Sci Plant Science Wheat is a dietary staple consumed worldwide strongly responsible for proteins and carbohydrate population intake. However, wheat production and quality will scarcely fulfill forward demands, which are compounded by high-temperature (HT) events as heatwaves, increasingly common in Portugal. Thus, landraces assume crucial importance as potential reservoirs of useful traits for wheat breeding and may be pre-adapted to extreme environmental conditions. This work evaluates four Portuguese landrace yield and grain composition through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, particularly protein content, and their responses to HT treatment mimicking a heatwave. Landraces showed distinct yield traits, especially plant height and first spike grain number, and a similar pattern in FTIR spectra, although revealing differences in grain components’ proportions. Comparison between spectra band intensity indicates that Ardito has the highest protein-related peaks, contrary to Magueija, which appears to be the landrace with higher lipid content. In plants submitted to 1 week of HT treatment 10 days after anthesis, the first spike grain size and weight were markedly reduced in all landraces. Additionally, it was observed that a general increase in grain protein content in the four landraces, being the increment observed in Ardito and Grécia, is statistically significant. The comparative assessment of control and HT average FTIR spectra denoted also the occurrence of alterations in grain polysaccharide composition. An integrated assessment of the evaluations performed revealed that Ardito and Magueija landraces presented diverse yield-related characteristics and distinct responses to cope with HT. In fact, the former landrace revealed considerable grain yield diminution along with an increase in grain protein proportion after HT, while the latter showed a significant increase in spikes and grain number, with grain quality detriment. These results reinforce the relevance of scrutinizing old genotype diversity seeking for useful characteristics, particularly considering HT impact on grain production and quality. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7756116/ /pubmed/33362824 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.594977 Text en Copyright © 2020 Tomás, Coelho, Rodrigues, Viegas and Silva. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Tomás, Diana
Coelho, Luís Pinto
Rodrigues, José Carlos
Viegas, Wanda
Silva, Manuela
Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title_full Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title_fullStr Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title_short Assessment of Four Portuguese Wheat Landrace Diversity to Cope With Global Warming
title_sort assessment of four portuguese wheat landrace diversity to cope with global warming
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7756116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362824
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.594977
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