Students’ perception regarding pedagogy, andragogy, and heutagogy as teaching–learning methods in undergraduate medical education

INTRODUCTION: Medical education is tricky to imbibe and difficult to apply. Various teaching–learning (TL) methods have been tried from time to time to enhance the proficiency of students. The aim was to assess the students’ perception toward three different TL methods (pedagogy, andragogy, and heutagogy) in medical education. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative experimentalquestionnaire-based study was done on population of second-year MBBS students of SMS Medical College, Jaipur, in October 2019. They were taught topic of anticancer drugs using pedagogy, andragogy, and heutagogy methods. Then, their opinion regarding these methods was collected and evaluated. The reliability of the questionnaire was ascertained by Cronbach's alpha value which turned out to be 0.89. The data collected were analyzed statistically using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). RESULTS: The results showed that all these methods differ significantly from each other as the P < 0.05 considering 5% as level of significance. PCA revealed that andragogy and heutagogy were found to be most effective in this study. CONCLUSION: Competency-based andragogy and capability-based heutagogy are more effective TL methods than didactic lecture-based pedagogy for MBBS undergraduate students.