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Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL6) was recently identified as an embryotrophic factor in bovine embryos, where it acts primarily to mediate inner cell mass (ICM) size. This work explored whether IL6 affects epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE) development, the two embryonic lineages generated fro...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7802221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33430761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12861-020-00235-z |
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author | Wooldridge, Lydia K. Ealy, Alan D. |
author_facet | Wooldridge, Lydia K. Ealy, Alan D. |
author_sort | Wooldridge, Lydia K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL6) was recently identified as an embryotrophic factor in bovine embryos, where it acts primarily to mediate inner cell mass (ICM) size. This work explored whether IL6 affects epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE) development, the two embryonic lineages generated from the ICM after its formation. Nuclear markers for EPI (NANOG) and PE (GATA6) were used to differentiate the two cell types. RESULTS: Increases (P < 0.05) in total ICM cell numbers and PE cell numbers were detected in bovine blastocysts at day 8 and 9 post-fertilization after exposure to 100 ng/ml recombinant bovine IL6. Also, IL6 increased (P < 0.05) the number of undifferentiated ICM cells (cells containing both PE and EPI markers). The effects of IL6 on EPI cell numbers were inconsistent. Studies were also completed to explore the importance of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-dependent signaling in bovine PE cells. Definitive activation of STAT3, a downstream target for JAK2, was observed in PE cells. Also, pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 decreased (P < 0.05) PE cell numbers. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, IL6 manipulates ICM development after EPI/PE cell fates are established. The PE cells are the target for IL6, where a JAK-dependent signal is used to regulate PE numbers. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12861-020-00235-z. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7802221 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78022212021-01-13 Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts Wooldridge, Lydia K. Ealy, Alan D. BMC Dev Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL6) was recently identified as an embryotrophic factor in bovine embryos, where it acts primarily to mediate inner cell mass (ICM) size. This work explored whether IL6 affects epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE) development, the two embryonic lineages generated from the ICM after its formation. Nuclear markers for EPI (NANOG) and PE (GATA6) were used to differentiate the two cell types. RESULTS: Increases (P < 0.05) in total ICM cell numbers and PE cell numbers were detected in bovine blastocysts at day 8 and 9 post-fertilization after exposure to 100 ng/ml recombinant bovine IL6. Also, IL6 increased (P < 0.05) the number of undifferentiated ICM cells (cells containing both PE and EPI markers). The effects of IL6 on EPI cell numbers were inconsistent. Studies were also completed to explore the importance of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-dependent signaling in bovine PE cells. Definitive activation of STAT3, a downstream target for JAK2, was observed in PE cells. Also, pharmacological inhibition of JAK2 decreased (P < 0.05) PE cell numbers. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, IL6 manipulates ICM development after EPI/PE cell fates are established. The PE cells are the target for IL6, where a JAK-dependent signal is used to regulate PE numbers. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12861-020-00235-z. BioMed Central 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7802221/ /pubmed/33430761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12861-020-00235-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wooldridge, Lydia K. Ealy, Alan D. Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title | Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title_full | Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title_fullStr | Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title_full_unstemmed | Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title_short | Interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
title_sort | interleukin-6 promotes primitive endoderm development in bovine blastocysts |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7802221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33430761 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12861-020-00235-z |
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