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Toxicology Screening Testing in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery: A Prospective Observational Pilot Study
Chronic opioid use and polypharmacy are commonly seen in chronic pain patients presenting for spine procedures. Substance abuse and misuse have also been reported in this patient population. Negative perioperative effects have been found in patients exposed to chronic opioid, alcohol, and recreation...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7803444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33181620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/FTD.0000000000000837 |