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Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women
The composition of human breast milk changes in the first two months of life, adapting itself to the evolving needs of the growing new-born. Lipids in milk are a source of energy, essential fatty acids (FA), fat-soluble vitamins, and vital bioactive components. Information on breast milk FA of Malay...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824650/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33396781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010101 |
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author | Khor, Geok Lin Tan, Seok Shin Stoutjesdijk, Eline Ng, Kock Wai Tony Khouw, Ilse Bragt, Marjolijn Schaafsma, Anne Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke Muskiet, Frits A. J. |
author_facet | Khor, Geok Lin Tan, Seok Shin Stoutjesdijk, Eline Ng, Kock Wai Tony Khouw, Ilse Bragt, Marjolijn Schaafsma, Anne Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke Muskiet, Frits A. J. |
author_sort | Khor, Geok Lin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The composition of human breast milk changes in the first two months of life, adapting itself to the evolving needs of the growing new-born. Lipids in milk are a source of energy, essential fatty acids (FA), fat-soluble vitamins, and vital bioactive components. Information on breast milk FA of Malaysian lactating women is scarce. Based on convenience sampling, a total of 20 Malay breastfeeding women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited. Breast milk was collected three times from each subject at consecutive intervals of 2–3 weeks apart. A total of 60 breast milk samples were collected and classified into “transitional milk” (n = 8), “early milk” (n = 26) and “mature milk” (n = 26). All milk samples were air freighted to University of Groningen, Netherlands for analysis. The dominant breast milk FA were oleic acid, constituting 33% of total fatty acids, followed by palmitic acid (26%). Both these FA and the essential FA, linoleic acid (10%) and alpha-linolenic acid (0.4%), showed no significant changes from transitional to mature milk. Breast milk ratio of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was comparatively high, exceeding 10 throughout the lactation period, suggesting a healthier balance of PUFA intake is needed in pregnancy and at postpartum. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7824650 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78246502021-01-24 Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women Khor, Geok Lin Tan, Seok Shin Stoutjesdijk, Eline Ng, Kock Wai Tony Khouw, Ilse Bragt, Marjolijn Schaafsma, Anne Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke Muskiet, Frits A. J. Nutrients Article The composition of human breast milk changes in the first two months of life, adapting itself to the evolving needs of the growing new-born. Lipids in milk are a source of energy, essential fatty acids (FA), fat-soluble vitamins, and vital bioactive components. Information on breast milk FA of Malaysian lactating women is scarce. Based on convenience sampling, a total of 20 Malay breastfeeding women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited. Breast milk was collected three times from each subject at consecutive intervals of 2–3 weeks apart. A total of 60 breast milk samples were collected and classified into “transitional milk” (n = 8), “early milk” (n = 26) and “mature milk” (n = 26). All milk samples were air freighted to University of Groningen, Netherlands for analysis. The dominant breast milk FA were oleic acid, constituting 33% of total fatty acids, followed by palmitic acid (26%). Both these FA and the essential FA, linoleic acid (10%) and alpha-linolenic acid (0.4%), showed no significant changes from transitional to mature milk. Breast milk ratio of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was comparatively high, exceeding 10 throughout the lactation period, suggesting a healthier balance of PUFA intake is needed in pregnancy and at postpartum. MDPI 2020-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7824650/ /pubmed/33396781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010101 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Khor, Geok Lin Tan, Seok Shin Stoutjesdijk, Eline Ng, Kock Wai Tony Khouw, Ilse Bragt, Marjolijn Schaafsma, Anne Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke Muskiet, Frits A. J. Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title | Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title_full | Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title_fullStr | Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title_full_unstemmed | Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title_short | Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women |
title_sort | temporal changes in breast milk fatty acids contents: a case study of malay breastfeeding women |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824650/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33396781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010101 |
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