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Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population
Consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) has been unequivocally linked to several adverse health effects, with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease being one of the most well understood. To reduce TFA-related morbidity and mortality, several countries have imposed voluntary or mandatory measu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7828276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33445809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010207 |
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author | Zupanič, Nina Hribar, Maša Hristov, Hristo Lavriša, Živa Kušar, Anita Gregorič, Matej Blaznik, Urška Koroušić Seljak, Barbara Golja, Petra Vidrih, Rajko Žmitek, Katja Pravst, Igor |
author_facet | Zupanič, Nina Hribar, Maša Hristov, Hristo Lavriša, Živa Kušar, Anita Gregorič, Matej Blaznik, Urška Koroušić Seljak, Barbara Golja, Petra Vidrih, Rajko Žmitek, Katja Pravst, Igor |
author_sort | Zupanič, Nina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) has been unequivocally linked to several adverse health effects, with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease being one of the most well understood. To reduce TFA-related morbidity and mortality, several countries have imposed voluntary or mandatory measures to minimize the content of industrial TFAs (iTFAs) in the food supply. In 2018, Slovenia introduced a ban on iTFAs on top of preceding voluntary calls to industry to reduce its use of partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) as the main source of iTFAs. To investigate the consumption of TFAs, data available from the nationally representative dietary survey SI.Menu were analyzed. The survey consisted of two 24-h non-consecutive day recalls from 1248 study participants from three age groups (10–17, 18–64, 65–74 years old), combined with socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle parameters. The analyses demonstrated that, on average, TFAs accounted for 0.38–0.50% of total energy intake (TEI). However, 13% of adolescents, 29.4% of adults, and 41.8% of the elderly population still consumed more than 0.50% TEI with TFAs. The main sources of TFAs in the diet were naturally present TFAs from butter, meat dishes, and meat products, regardless of the age group. Results indicate that following the reformulation activities, the major sources of TFAs in the diets of the Slovenian population now represent foods which are natural sources of TFAs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7828276 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78282762021-01-25 Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population Zupanič, Nina Hribar, Maša Hristov, Hristo Lavriša, Živa Kušar, Anita Gregorič, Matej Blaznik, Urška Koroušić Seljak, Barbara Golja, Petra Vidrih, Rajko Žmitek, Katja Pravst, Igor Nutrients Article Consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) has been unequivocally linked to several adverse health effects, with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease being one of the most well understood. To reduce TFA-related morbidity and mortality, several countries have imposed voluntary or mandatory measures to minimize the content of industrial TFAs (iTFAs) in the food supply. In 2018, Slovenia introduced a ban on iTFAs on top of preceding voluntary calls to industry to reduce its use of partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) as the main source of iTFAs. To investigate the consumption of TFAs, data available from the nationally representative dietary survey SI.Menu were analyzed. The survey consisted of two 24-h non-consecutive day recalls from 1248 study participants from three age groups (10–17, 18–64, 65–74 years old), combined with socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle parameters. The analyses demonstrated that, on average, TFAs accounted for 0.38–0.50% of total energy intake (TEI). However, 13% of adolescents, 29.4% of adults, and 41.8% of the elderly population still consumed more than 0.50% TEI with TFAs. The main sources of TFAs in the diet were naturally present TFAs from butter, meat dishes, and meat products, regardless of the age group. Results indicate that following the reformulation activities, the major sources of TFAs in the diets of the Slovenian population now represent foods which are natural sources of TFAs. MDPI 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7828276/ /pubmed/33445809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010207 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zupanič, Nina Hribar, Maša Hristov, Hristo Lavriša, Živa Kušar, Anita Gregorič, Matej Blaznik, Urška Koroušić Seljak, Barbara Golja, Petra Vidrih, Rajko Žmitek, Katja Pravst, Igor Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title | Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title_full | Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title_fullStr | Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title_short | Dietary Intake of trans Fatty Acids in the Slovenian Population |
title_sort | dietary intake of trans fatty acids in the slovenian population |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7828276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33445809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010207 |
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