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Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose r...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838478/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542788 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1 |
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author | Jang, Hwan-Hee Lee, Young-Min Choe, Jeong-Sook Kwon, Oran |
author_facet | Jang, Hwan-Hee Lee, Young-Min Choe, Jeong-Sook Kwon, Oran |
author_sort | Jang, Hwan-Hee |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose rather than an intake dose. This concept has been expanded to the development of new exposure biomarkers in nutrition research. This review aims to provide an overview of the development of exposure biomarkers and suggest a novel research strategy for identifying the health effects of soy isoflavone intake. MATERIALS/METHODS: We cover recent studies on the health effects of soy isoflavones focusing on isoflavone metabolites as exposure biomarkers. RESULTS: Compared to non-fermented soy foods, fermented soy foods cause an increased concentration of isoflavones in the biofluid immediately following ingestion. The correlation between exposure biomarkers in blood and urine and the food frequency questionnaire was slightly lower than that of corresponding 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary and blood isoflavone levels did not show a consistent association with chronic disease and cancer risk. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to understand the variable bioavailabilities of soy isoflavones, which may affect evaluations of soy isoflavone intake in health and disease. Further studies on the development of valid exposure biomarkers are needed to thoroughly investigate the health effects of isoflavone. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7838478 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78384782021-02-03 Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers Jang, Hwan-Hee Lee, Young-Min Choe, Jeong-Sook Kwon, Oran Nutr Res Pract Review BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose rather than an intake dose. This concept has been expanded to the development of new exposure biomarkers in nutrition research. This review aims to provide an overview of the development of exposure biomarkers and suggest a novel research strategy for identifying the health effects of soy isoflavone intake. MATERIALS/METHODS: We cover recent studies on the health effects of soy isoflavones focusing on isoflavone metabolites as exposure biomarkers. RESULTS: Compared to non-fermented soy foods, fermented soy foods cause an increased concentration of isoflavones in the biofluid immediately following ingestion. The correlation between exposure biomarkers in blood and urine and the food frequency questionnaire was slightly lower than that of corresponding 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary and blood isoflavone levels did not show a consistent association with chronic disease and cancer risk. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to understand the variable bioavailabilities of soy isoflavones, which may affect evaluations of soy isoflavone intake in health and disease. Further studies on the development of valid exposure biomarkers are needed to thoroughly investigate the health effects of isoflavone. The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2021-02 2020-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7838478/ /pubmed/33542788 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1 Text en ©2021 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Jang, Hwan-Hee Lee, Young-Min Choe, Jeong-Sook Kwon, Oran Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title | Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title_full | Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title_fullStr | Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title_full_unstemmed | Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title_short | Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
title_sort | validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838478/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542788 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1 |
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