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Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose r...

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Autores principales: Jang, Hwan-Hee, Lee, Young-Min, Choe, Jeong-Sook, Kwon, Oran
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542788
http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1
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author Jang, Hwan-Hee
Lee, Young-Min
Choe, Jeong-Sook
Kwon, Oran
author_facet Jang, Hwan-Hee
Lee, Young-Min
Choe, Jeong-Sook
Kwon, Oran
author_sort Jang, Hwan-Hee
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose rather than an intake dose. This concept has been expanded to the development of new exposure biomarkers in nutrition research. This review aims to provide an overview of the development of exposure biomarkers and suggest a novel research strategy for identifying the health effects of soy isoflavone intake. MATERIALS/METHODS: We cover recent studies on the health effects of soy isoflavones focusing on isoflavone metabolites as exposure biomarkers. RESULTS: Compared to non-fermented soy foods, fermented soy foods cause an increased concentration of isoflavones in the biofluid immediately following ingestion. The correlation between exposure biomarkers in blood and urine and the food frequency questionnaire was slightly lower than that of corresponding 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary and blood isoflavone levels did not show a consistent association with chronic disease and cancer risk. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to understand the variable bioavailabilities of soy isoflavones, which may affect evaluations of soy isoflavone intake in health and disease. Further studies on the development of valid exposure biomarkers are needed to thoroughly investigate the health effects of isoflavone.
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spelling pubmed-78384782021-02-03 Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers Jang, Hwan-Hee Lee, Young-Min Choe, Jeong-Sook Kwon, Oran Nutr Res Pract Review BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to consistently demonstrate the health effects of soy isoflavones owing to the multitude of factors contributing to their bioavailability. To accurately verify these health effects, dietary isoflavone intake should be measured using a biologically active dose rather than an intake dose. This concept has been expanded to the development of new exposure biomarkers in nutrition research. This review aims to provide an overview of the development of exposure biomarkers and suggest a novel research strategy for identifying the health effects of soy isoflavone intake. MATERIALS/METHODS: We cover recent studies on the health effects of soy isoflavones focusing on isoflavone metabolites as exposure biomarkers. RESULTS: Compared to non-fermented soy foods, fermented soy foods cause an increased concentration of isoflavones in the biofluid immediately following ingestion. The correlation between exposure biomarkers in blood and urine and the food frequency questionnaire was slightly lower than that of corresponding 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary and blood isoflavone levels did not show a consistent association with chronic disease and cancer risk. CONCLUSION: It is crucial to understand the variable bioavailabilities of soy isoflavones, which may affect evaluations of soy isoflavone intake in health and disease. Further studies on the development of valid exposure biomarkers are needed to thoroughly investigate the health effects of isoflavone. The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2021-02 2020-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7838478/ /pubmed/33542788 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1 Text en ©2021 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Jang, Hwan-Hee
Lee, Young-Min
Choe, Jeong-Sook
Kwon, Oran
Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title_full Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title_fullStr Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title_full_unstemmed Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title_short Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
title_sort validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7838478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33542788
http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.1
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