Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration
Tissue engineering and scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration by supporting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The design of a scaffold is critical in determining its feasibility, and it is critical to note that each tissue is unique in terms of its morphology and co...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020128 |
_version_ | 1783656401477828608 |
---|---|
author | Huang, Kuo-Hao Wang, Chen-Ying Chen, Cheng-Yu Hsu, Tuan-Ti Lin, Chun-Pin |
author_facet | Huang, Kuo-Hao Wang, Chen-Ying Chen, Cheng-Yu Hsu, Tuan-Ti Lin, Chun-Pin |
author_sort | Huang, Kuo-Hao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tissue engineering and scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration by supporting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The design of a scaffold is critical in determining its feasibility, and it is critical to note that each tissue is unique in terms of its morphology and composition. However, calcium-silicate-based scaffolds are undegradable, which severely limits their application in bone regeneration. In this study, we developed a biodegradable mesoporous calcium silicate (MS)/calcium sulfate (CS)/poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) composite and fabricated a composite scaffold with 3D printing technologies. In addition, we were able to load bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) into MS powder via a one-step immersion procedure. The results demonstrated that the MS/CS scaffold gradually degraded within 3 months. More importantly, the scaffold exhibited a gradual release of BMP-2 throughout the test period. The adhesion and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells on the MS/CS/BMP-2 (MS/CS/B) scaffold were significantly greater than that on the MS/CS scaffold. It was also found that cells cultured on the MS/CS/B scaffold had significantly higher levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and angiogenic-related protein expression. The MS/CS/B scaffold promoted the growth of new blood vessels and bone regeneration within 4 weeks of implantation in rabbits with induced critical-sized femoral defects. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the 3D-printed MS/CS/B scaffold can act both as a conventional BMP-2 delivery system and as an ideal osteoinductive biomaterial for bone regeneration. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7911692 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79116922021-02-28 Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration Huang, Kuo-Hao Wang, Chen-Ying Chen, Cheng-Yu Hsu, Tuan-Ti Lin, Chun-Pin Biomedicines Article Tissue engineering and scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration by supporting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The design of a scaffold is critical in determining its feasibility, and it is critical to note that each tissue is unique in terms of its morphology and composition. However, calcium-silicate-based scaffolds are undegradable, which severely limits their application in bone regeneration. In this study, we developed a biodegradable mesoporous calcium silicate (MS)/calcium sulfate (CS)/poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) composite and fabricated a composite scaffold with 3D printing technologies. In addition, we were able to load bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) into MS powder via a one-step immersion procedure. The results demonstrated that the MS/CS scaffold gradually degraded within 3 months. More importantly, the scaffold exhibited a gradual release of BMP-2 throughout the test period. The adhesion and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells on the MS/CS/BMP-2 (MS/CS/B) scaffold were significantly greater than that on the MS/CS scaffold. It was also found that cells cultured on the MS/CS/B scaffold had significantly higher levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and angiogenic-related protein expression. The MS/CS/B scaffold promoted the growth of new blood vessels and bone regeneration within 4 weeks of implantation in rabbits with induced critical-sized femoral defects. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the 3D-printed MS/CS/B scaffold can act both as a conventional BMP-2 delivery system and as an ideal osteoinductive biomaterial for bone regeneration. MDPI 2021-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7911692/ /pubmed/33572786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020128 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Huang, Kuo-Hao Wang, Chen-Ying Chen, Cheng-Yu Hsu, Tuan-Ti Lin, Chun-Pin Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title | Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title_full | Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title_fullStr | Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title_short | Incorporation of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate into a Mesoporous Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffold to Regulate the Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Accelerate Bone Regeneration |
title_sort | incorporation of calcium sulfate dihydrate into a mesoporous calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffold to regulate the release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and accelerate bone regeneration |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020128 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT huangkuohao incorporationofcalciumsulfatedihydrateintoamesoporouscalciumsilicatepolyecaprolactonescaffoldtoregulatethereleaseofbonemorphogeneticprotein2andaccelerateboneregeneration AT wangchenying incorporationofcalciumsulfatedihydrateintoamesoporouscalciumsilicatepolyecaprolactonescaffoldtoregulatethereleaseofbonemorphogeneticprotein2andaccelerateboneregeneration AT chenchengyu incorporationofcalciumsulfatedihydrateintoamesoporouscalciumsilicatepolyecaprolactonescaffoldtoregulatethereleaseofbonemorphogeneticprotein2andaccelerateboneregeneration AT hsutuanti incorporationofcalciumsulfatedihydrateintoamesoporouscalciumsilicatepolyecaprolactonescaffoldtoregulatethereleaseofbonemorphogeneticprotein2andaccelerateboneregeneration AT linchunpin incorporationofcalciumsulfatedihydrateintoamesoporouscalciumsilicatepolyecaprolactonescaffoldtoregulatethereleaseofbonemorphogeneticprotein2andaccelerateboneregeneration |