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Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hybrid Turkey selection is focusing on meat production traits characterized by high genetic heritability; the strong directional selection is well known to produce a constant loss in genetic diversity. Genetic characterization is one of the essential activities in the management of p...

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Autores principales: Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina, Marelli, Stefano Paolo, Milanesi, Raffaella, Zaniboni, Luisa, Punturiero, Chiara, Cerolini, Silvia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33546454
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020391
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author Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina
Marelli, Stefano Paolo
Milanesi, Raffaella
Zaniboni, Luisa
Punturiero, Chiara
Cerolini, Silvia
author_facet Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina
Marelli, Stefano Paolo
Milanesi, Raffaella
Zaniboni, Luisa
Punturiero, Chiara
Cerolini, Silvia
author_sort Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hybrid Turkey selection is focusing on meat production traits characterized by high genetic heritability; the strong directional selection is well known to produce a constant loss in genetic diversity. Genetic characterization is one of the essential activities in the management of populations at risk of extinction. In addition, the genetic structure at the population level and the relationships between individuals are nowadays analysable at the genomic level. In this paper, the genome of 4 different Italian turkey breeds included in the Autochthonous Italian Poultry Breeds Register are analysed in order to obtain a genome-wide Copy Number Variant scan to ameliorate the existing knowledge of the genomic structure of Italian local turkey breeds. Differences have been described at genomic level for physiological, reproductive, and behavioral traits. The analyzed breeds are clearly distinguishable at the genomic level, and their relationships are clearly linked to their geographical origin and to the history of the rural structure of their developing regions. Genome information based on Copy Number Variant (CNV) detection has generated important information in this study concerning the uniqueness of the Italian local turkey breeds. ABSTRACT: Heritage breeds can be considered a genetic reservoir of genetic variability to be conserved and valorized considering their historical, cultural, and adaptive characteristics and possibly for their high potential in commercial hybrid genetic improvement by gene introgression. The aim of the present research is to investigate via Copy Number Variant (CNVs) the genomic makeup of 4 Italian autochthonous turkey breeds (Bronzato Comune—BrCI, 24; Ermellinato di Rovigo—ErRo, 24; Parma e Piacenza—PrPc, 25; Romagnolo—RoMa, 29). CNVs detection was performed using two different software and an interbreed CNVs comparison was carried out. A total of 1077 CNVs were identified in 102 turkeys, summarized into 519 CNV regions (CNVRs), which resulted after merging in 101 and 18 breed and shared regions. Biodiversity was analyzed using the effective information supplied by CNVs analysis, and BrCI and ErRo were characterized by a low mapped CNV number. Differences were described at a genomic level related to physiological, reproductive, and behavioral traits. The comparison with other three Italian turkey breeds (Brianzolo, Colle Euganei, and Nero Italiano) using a CNV data set available in the literature showed high clustering properties at the genomic level, and their relationships are strictly linked to the geographical origin and to the history of the rural structure of their native regions.
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spelling pubmed-79137262021-02-28 Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina Marelli, Stefano Paolo Milanesi, Raffaella Zaniboni, Luisa Punturiero, Chiara Cerolini, Silvia Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hybrid Turkey selection is focusing on meat production traits characterized by high genetic heritability; the strong directional selection is well known to produce a constant loss in genetic diversity. Genetic characterization is one of the essential activities in the management of populations at risk of extinction. In addition, the genetic structure at the population level and the relationships between individuals are nowadays analysable at the genomic level. In this paper, the genome of 4 different Italian turkey breeds included in the Autochthonous Italian Poultry Breeds Register are analysed in order to obtain a genome-wide Copy Number Variant scan to ameliorate the existing knowledge of the genomic structure of Italian local turkey breeds. Differences have been described at genomic level for physiological, reproductive, and behavioral traits. The analyzed breeds are clearly distinguishable at the genomic level, and their relationships are clearly linked to their geographical origin and to the history of the rural structure of their developing regions. Genome information based on Copy Number Variant (CNV) detection has generated important information in this study concerning the uniqueness of the Italian local turkey breeds. ABSTRACT: Heritage breeds can be considered a genetic reservoir of genetic variability to be conserved and valorized considering their historical, cultural, and adaptive characteristics and possibly for their high potential in commercial hybrid genetic improvement by gene introgression. The aim of the present research is to investigate via Copy Number Variant (CNVs) the genomic makeup of 4 Italian autochthonous turkey breeds (Bronzato Comune—BrCI, 24; Ermellinato di Rovigo—ErRo, 24; Parma e Piacenza—PrPc, 25; Romagnolo—RoMa, 29). CNVs detection was performed using two different software and an interbreed CNVs comparison was carried out. A total of 1077 CNVs were identified in 102 turkeys, summarized into 519 CNV regions (CNVRs), which resulted after merging in 101 and 18 breed and shared regions. Biodiversity was analyzed using the effective information supplied by CNVs analysis, and BrCI and ErRo were characterized by a low mapped CNV number. Differences were described at a genomic level related to physiological, reproductive, and behavioral traits. The comparison with other three Italian turkey breeds (Brianzolo, Colle Euganei, and Nero Italiano) using a CNV data set available in the literature showed high clustering properties at the genomic level, and their relationships are strictly linked to the geographical origin and to the history of the rural structure of their native regions. MDPI 2021-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7913726/ /pubmed/33546454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020391 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Strillacci, Maria Giuseppina
Marelli, Stefano Paolo
Milanesi, Raffaella
Zaniboni, Luisa
Punturiero, Chiara
Cerolini, Silvia
Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title_full Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title_fullStr Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title_full_unstemmed Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title_short Copy Number Variants in Four Italian Turkey Breeds
title_sort copy number variants in four italian turkey breeds
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33546454
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020391
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