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Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disease that presents with vascular stenosis and a hazy network of collateral formations in angiography. However, the detailed pathogenic pathway remains unknown. Studies have indicated that in addition to variations in the of genetic factor RNF213, unusua...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33567654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041696 |
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author | Fang, Yao-Ching Wei, Ling-Fei Hu, Chaur-Jong Tu, Yong-Kwang |
author_facet | Fang, Yao-Ching Wei, Ling-Fei Hu, Chaur-Jong Tu, Yong-Kwang |
author_sort | Fang, Yao-Ching |
collection | PubMed |
description | Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disease that presents with vascular stenosis and a hazy network of collateral formations in angiography. However, the detailed pathogenic pathway remains unknown. Studies have indicated that in addition to variations in the of genetic factor RNF213, unusual circulating angiogenetic factors observed in patients with MMD may play a critical role in producing “Moyamoya vessels”. Circulating angiogenetic factors, such as growth factors, vascular progenitor cells, cytokines, inflammatory factors, and other circulating proteins, could promote intimal hyperplasia in vessels and excessive collateral formation with defect structures through endothelial hyperplasia, smooth muscle migration, and atypical neovascularization. This study summarizes the hypothesized pathophysiology of how these circulating factors affect MMD and the interactive modulation between them. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7915927 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79159272021-03-01 Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease Fang, Yao-Ching Wei, Ling-Fei Hu, Chaur-Jong Tu, Yong-Kwang Int J Mol Sci Review Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disease that presents with vascular stenosis and a hazy network of collateral formations in angiography. However, the detailed pathogenic pathway remains unknown. Studies have indicated that in addition to variations in the of genetic factor RNF213, unusual circulating angiogenetic factors observed in patients with MMD may play a critical role in producing “Moyamoya vessels”. Circulating angiogenetic factors, such as growth factors, vascular progenitor cells, cytokines, inflammatory factors, and other circulating proteins, could promote intimal hyperplasia in vessels and excessive collateral formation with defect structures through endothelial hyperplasia, smooth muscle migration, and atypical neovascularization. This study summarizes the hypothesized pathophysiology of how these circulating factors affect MMD and the interactive modulation between them. MDPI 2021-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7915927/ /pubmed/33567654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041696 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Fang, Yao-Ching Wei, Ling-Fei Hu, Chaur-Jong Tu, Yong-Kwang Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title | Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title_full | Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title_fullStr | Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title_short | Pathological Circulating Factors in Moyamoya Disease |
title_sort | pathological circulating factors in moyamoya disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33567654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041696 |
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