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Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process
Five flavonol glycosides including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (QG), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (KG), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (QAG), kaempferol 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (KAG), and quercetin 3-O-(3″-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (QCG) were isolated and purified from red pine...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8027044/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33859965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2021.26.1.100 |
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author | Jeon, Young-Hee Seo, Jeong-Eun Kim, Ju-Hee Lee, Yu-Jin Choi, Sang-Won |
author_facet | Jeon, Young-Hee Seo, Jeong-Eun Kim, Ju-Hee Lee, Yu-Jin Choi, Sang-Won |
author_sort | Jeon, Young-Hee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Five flavonol glycosides including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (QG), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (KG), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (QAG), kaempferol 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (KAG), and quercetin 3-O-(3″-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (QCG) were isolated and purified from red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) nee-dles, and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometer spectral analyses. In addition, the quantification of the five flavonol glycosides in pine needles was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis according to cultivar, growing district, harvest season, and thermal processing. The red pine needles had higher amounts of the five flavonol glycosides than the black pine needles except for QCG. There were no large differences in flavonoid composition and content among pine needles grown in three different areas. Levels of the five flavonol glycosides in red pine needles harvested during Spring ranged from 6.13 to 27.03 mg/100 g dry weight. Levels of two flavonol glycosides, QG and KG, gradually decreased with increasing harvest time, whereas the acylated flavonol glycoside, QCG, a predominant flavo-noid in pine needles, increased gradually with increasing harvest time. Two acetyl flavonol glycosides, QAG and KAG, increased steadily through Spring to Autumn, and then decreased gradually by Winter. Meanwhile heat treatments, such as roasting and steaming, increased the five flavonol glycosides during heating for 3 min, but then slowly decreased these when heating for 10 min. Microwave processing increased to some extent the five flavonol glycosides when heating for 3 min, and remained unchanged during the 10 min heating. These results suggest that the pretreated red pine needles with enhanced flavonoid content may be useful as potential sources for nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8027044 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80270442021-04-14 Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process Jeon, Young-Hee Seo, Jeong-Eun Kim, Ju-Hee Lee, Yu-Jin Choi, Sang-Won Prev Nutr Food Sci Original Five flavonol glycosides including quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (QG), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (KG), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (QAG), kaempferol 3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside (KAG), and quercetin 3-O-(3″-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (QCG) were isolated and purified from red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) nee-dles, and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometer spectral analyses. In addition, the quantification of the five flavonol glycosides in pine needles was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis according to cultivar, growing district, harvest season, and thermal processing. The red pine needles had higher amounts of the five flavonol glycosides than the black pine needles except for QCG. There were no large differences in flavonoid composition and content among pine needles grown in three different areas. Levels of the five flavonol glycosides in red pine needles harvested during Spring ranged from 6.13 to 27.03 mg/100 g dry weight. Levels of two flavonol glycosides, QG and KG, gradually decreased with increasing harvest time, whereas the acylated flavonol glycoside, QCG, a predominant flavo-noid in pine needles, increased gradually with increasing harvest time. Two acetyl flavonol glycosides, QAG and KAG, increased steadily through Spring to Autumn, and then decreased gradually by Winter. Meanwhile heat treatments, such as roasting and steaming, increased the five flavonol glycosides during heating for 3 min, but then slowly decreased these when heating for 10 min. Microwave processing increased to some extent the five flavonol glycosides when heating for 3 min, and remained unchanged during the 10 min heating. These results suggest that the pretreated red pine needles with enhanced flavonoid content may be useful as potential sources for nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2021-03-31 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8027044/ /pubmed/33859965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2021.26.1.100 Text en Copyright © 2021 by The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. All rights Reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Jeon, Young-Hee Seo, Jeong-Eun Kim, Ju-Hee Lee, Yu-Jin Choi, Sang-Won Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title | Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title_full | Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title_fullStr | Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title_short | Quantitative Changes of Flavonol Glycosides from Pine Needles by Cultivar, Harvest Season, and Thermal Process |
title_sort | quantitative changes of flavonol glycosides from pine needles by cultivar, harvest season, and thermal process |
topic | Original |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8027044/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33859965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2021.26.1.100 |
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