Cargando…

The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities

Cohesin is a multi-unit protein complex from the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family, required for holding sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. In yeast, the cohesin complex entraps sister DNAs within tripartite rings created by pairwise interactions between the cent...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868354
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.659558
_version_ 1783678505675915264
author Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo
author_facet Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo
author_sort Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo
collection PubMed
description Cohesin is a multi-unit protein complex from the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family, required for holding sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. In yeast, the cohesin complex entraps sister DNAs within tripartite rings created by pairwise interactions between the central ring units SMC1 and SMC3 and subunits such as the α-kleisin SCC1 (REC8/SYN1 in meiosis). The complex is an indispensable regulator of meiotic recombination in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis and maize, the SMC1/SMC3 heterodimer is a key determinant of meiosis. In Arabidopsis, several kleisin proteins are also essential: SYN1/REC8 is meiosis-specific and is essential for double-strand break repair, whereas AtSCC2 is a subunit of the cohesin SCC2/SCC4 loading complex that is important for synapsis and segregation. Other important meiotic subunits are the cohesin EXTRA SPINDLE POLES (AESP1) separase, the acetylase ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1/CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7 (ECO1/CTF7), the cohesion release factor WINGS APART-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (WAPL) in Arabidopsis (AtWAPL1/AtWAPL2), and the WAPL antagonist AtSWITCH1/DYAD (AtSWI1). Other important complexes are the SMC5/SMC6 complex, which is required for homologous DNA recombination during the S-phase and for proper meiotic synapsis, and the condensin complexes, featuring SMC2/SMC4 that regulate proper clustering of rDNA arrays during interphase. Meiotic recombination is the key to enrich desirable traits in commercial plant breeding. In this review, I highlight critical advances in understanding plant chromatid cohesion in the model plant Arabidopsis and crop plants and suggest how manipulation of crossover formation during meiosis, somatic DNA repair and chromosome folding may facilitate transmission of desirable alleles, tolerance to radiation, and enhanced transcription of alleles that regulate sexual development. I hope that these findings highlight opportunities for crop breeding.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8044525
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-80445252021-04-15 The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo Front Plant Sci Plant Science Cohesin is a multi-unit protein complex from the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family, required for holding sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. In yeast, the cohesin complex entraps sister DNAs within tripartite rings created by pairwise interactions between the central ring units SMC1 and SMC3 and subunits such as the α-kleisin SCC1 (REC8/SYN1 in meiosis). The complex is an indispensable regulator of meiotic recombination in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis and maize, the SMC1/SMC3 heterodimer is a key determinant of meiosis. In Arabidopsis, several kleisin proteins are also essential: SYN1/REC8 is meiosis-specific and is essential for double-strand break repair, whereas AtSCC2 is a subunit of the cohesin SCC2/SCC4 loading complex that is important for synapsis and segregation. Other important meiotic subunits are the cohesin EXTRA SPINDLE POLES (AESP1) separase, the acetylase ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1/CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7 (ECO1/CTF7), the cohesion release factor WINGS APART-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (WAPL) in Arabidopsis (AtWAPL1/AtWAPL2), and the WAPL antagonist AtSWITCH1/DYAD (AtSWI1). Other important complexes are the SMC5/SMC6 complex, which is required for homologous DNA recombination during the S-phase and for proper meiotic synapsis, and the condensin complexes, featuring SMC2/SMC4 that regulate proper clustering of rDNA arrays during interphase. Meiotic recombination is the key to enrich desirable traits in commercial plant breeding. In this review, I highlight critical advances in understanding plant chromatid cohesion in the model plant Arabidopsis and crop plants and suggest how manipulation of crossover formation during meiosis, somatic DNA repair and chromosome folding may facilitate transmission of desirable alleles, tolerance to radiation, and enhanced transcription of alleles that regulate sexual development. I hope that these findings highlight opportunities for crop breeding. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8044525/ /pubmed/33868354 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.659558 Text en Copyright © 2021 Bolaños-Villegas. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Bolaños-Villegas, Pablo
The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title_full The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title_fullStr The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title_short The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities
title_sort role of structural maintenance of chromosomes complexes in meiosis and genome maintenance: translating biomedical and model plant research into crop breeding opportunities
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868354
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.659558
work_keys_str_mv AT bolanosvillegaspablo theroleofstructuralmaintenanceofchromosomescomplexesinmeiosisandgenomemaintenancetranslatingbiomedicalandmodelplantresearchintocropbreedingopportunities
AT bolanosvillegaspablo roleofstructuralmaintenanceofchromosomescomplexesinmeiosisandgenomemaintenancetranslatingbiomedicalandmodelplantresearchintocropbreedingopportunities