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Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

Emerging resistance to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein has prompted research for novel therapeutics against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Herein, we evaluated the tumor inhibitory properties of the human Wharton’s jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) co-culture (hWJSC-CC)...

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Autores principales: Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H., Kalamegam, Gauthaman, Alrefaei, Ghadeer, Ahmed, Farid, Kadam, Roaa, Qadah, Talal, Sait, Khalid H. W., Pushparaj, Peter N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044948/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869169
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.614988
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author Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H.
Kalamegam, Gauthaman
Alrefaei, Ghadeer
Ahmed, Farid
Kadam, Roaa
Qadah, Talal
Sait, Khalid H. W.
Pushparaj, Peter N.
author_facet Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H.
Kalamegam, Gauthaman
Alrefaei, Ghadeer
Ahmed, Farid
Kadam, Roaa
Qadah, Talal
Sait, Khalid H. W.
Pushparaj, Peter N.
author_sort Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H.
collection PubMed
description Emerging resistance to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein has prompted research for novel therapeutics against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Herein, we evaluated the tumor inhibitory properties of the human Wharton’s jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) co-culture (hWJSC-CC) and their extracts, namely, the hWJSC-conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM; 100%) and hWJSC-lysate (hWJSC-L; 15 μg/ml), on a CML cell line K562 in vitro. The hWJSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related cluster of differentiation (CD) markers and demonstrated mesodermal tissue differentiation potential. The cell metabolic activity showed a mean maximal decrease in the K562 cells by 49.12, 41.98, and 68.80% following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L, respectively, at 72 h. The sub-G1 population in the cell cycle was decreased by 3.2, 4.5, and 3.8% following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L, whereas the G2/M cell population was increased by 13.7 and 12.5% with the hWJSC-CM and hWJSC-L, respectively, at 48 h. Annexin V–allophycocyanin (APC) assay showed an increase in the apoptotic cells by 4.0, 3.9, and 4.5% at 48 h. The expression of pro-apoptotic BAX and CASP3 genes were increased, whereas BIRC5 (Survivin) was decreased compared with the control. The pro-inflammation-related genes, namely, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12A, were decreased, whereas the anti-inflammatory genes, namely, IL-4 and IL-10, were increased following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L at 48 h. Multiplex bead-based cytokine assay also demonstrated decreases in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12) and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) compared with the control. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 showed an increase with the hWJSC-CC and decreases with both the hWJSC-CM and the hWJSC-L. The hWJSCs and their extracts inhibited the K562 cells by causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis via the soluble cellular factors. However, an in vivo evaluation is necessary to unravel the true potential of the hWJSCs and their extracts before its use in CML inhibition.
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spelling pubmed-80449482021-04-15 Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H. Kalamegam, Gauthaman Alrefaei, Ghadeer Ahmed, Farid Kadam, Roaa Qadah, Talal Sait, Khalid H. W. Pushparaj, Peter N. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Emerging resistance to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein has prompted research for novel therapeutics against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Herein, we evaluated the tumor inhibitory properties of the human Wharton’s jelly stem cells (hWJSCs) co-culture (hWJSC-CC) and their extracts, namely, the hWJSC-conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM; 100%) and hWJSC-lysate (hWJSC-L; 15 μg/ml), on a CML cell line K562 in vitro. The hWJSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related cluster of differentiation (CD) markers and demonstrated mesodermal tissue differentiation potential. The cell metabolic activity showed a mean maximal decrease in the K562 cells by 49.12, 41.98, and 68.80% following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L, respectively, at 72 h. The sub-G1 population in the cell cycle was decreased by 3.2, 4.5, and 3.8% following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L, whereas the G2/M cell population was increased by 13.7 and 12.5% with the hWJSC-CM and hWJSC-L, respectively, at 48 h. Annexin V–allophycocyanin (APC) assay showed an increase in the apoptotic cells by 4.0, 3.9, and 4.5% at 48 h. The expression of pro-apoptotic BAX and CASP3 genes were increased, whereas BIRC5 (Survivin) was decreased compared with the control. The pro-inflammation-related genes, namely, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12A, were decreased, whereas the anti-inflammatory genes, namely, IL-4 and IL-10, were increased following treatment with the hWJSC-CC, hWJSC-CM, and hWJSC-L at 48 h. Multiplex bead-based cytokine assay also demonstrated decreases in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12) and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) compared with the control. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 showed an increase with the hWJSC-CC and decreases with both the hWJSC-CM and the hWJSC-L. The hWJSCs and their extracts inhibited the K562 cells by causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis via the soluble cellular factors. However, an in vivo evaluation is necessary to unravel the true potential of the hWJSCs and their extracts before its use in CML inhibition. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8044948/ /pubmed/33869169 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.614988 Text en Copyright © 2021 Huwaikem, Kalamegam, Alrefaei, Ahmed, Kadam, Qadah, Sait and Pushparaj. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Huwaikem, Muneerah A. H.
Kalamegam, Gauthaman
Alrefaei, Ghadeer
Ahmed, Farid
Kadam, Roaa
Qadah, Talal
Sait, Khalid H. W.
Pushparaj, Peter N.
Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title_full Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title_fullStr Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title_full_unstemmed Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title_short Human Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cell Secretions Inhibit Human Leukemic Cell Line K562 in vitro by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
title_sort human wharton’s jelly stem cell secretions inhibit human leukemic cell line k562 in vitro by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044948/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869169
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.614988
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