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Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species

Nuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are ch...

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Autores principales: Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat, Saigo, Tomoki, Watanabe, Mutsumi, Naake, Thomas, Fernie, Alisdair R., Bunsupa, Somnuk, Satitpatipan, Veena, Tohge, Takayuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33889165
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581
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author Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat
Saigo, Tomoki
Watanabe, Mutsumi
Naake, Thomas
Fernie, Alisdair R.
Bunsupa, Somnuk
Satitpatipan, Veena
Tohge, Takayuki
author_facet Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat
Saigo, Tomoki
Watanabe, Mutsumi
Naake, Thomas
Fernie, Alisdair R.
Bunsupa, Somnuk
Satitpatipan, Veena
Tohge, Takayuki
author_sort Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat
collection PubMed
description Nuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are characterized as health-beneficial antioxidants within the human diet as well as physiological stress protectants within the plant. In food chemistry research, a multitude of polyphenols contained in culinary nuts have been studied leading to the identification of their chemical properties and bioactivities. Although functional elucidation of the biosynthetic genes of polyphenols in nut species is crucially important for crop improvement in the creation of higher-quality nuts and stress-tolerant cultivars, the chemical diversity of nut polyphenols and the key biosynthetic genes responsible for their production are still largely uncharacterized. However, current technical advances in whole-genome sequencing have facilitated that nut plant species became model plants for omics-based approaches. Here, we review the chemical diversity of seed polyphenols in majorly consumed nut species coupled to insights into their biological activities. Furthermore, we present an example of the annotation of key genes involved in polyphenolic biosynthesis in peanut using comparative genomics as a case study outlining how we are approaching omics-based approaches of the nut plant species.
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spelling pubmed-80560292021-04-21 Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat Saigo, Tomoki Watanabe, Mutsumi Naake, Thomas Fernie, Alisdair R. Bunsupa, Somnuk Satitpatipan, Veena Tohge, Takayuki Front Plant Sci Plant Science Nuts, such as peanut, almond, and chestnut, are valuable food crops for humans being important sources of fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols. Polyphenols, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, and hydroxycinnamates, represent a group of plant-specialized (secondary) metabolites which are characterized as health-beneficial antioxidants within the human diet as well as physiological stress protectants within the plant. In food chemistry research, a multitude of polyphenols contained in culinary nuts have been studied leading to the identification of their chemical properties and bioactivities. Although functional elucidation of the biosynthetic genes of polyphenols in nut species is crucially important for crop improvement in the creation of higher-quality nuts and stress-tolerant cultivars, the chemical diversity of nut polyphenols and the key biosynthetic genes responsible for their production are still largely uncharacterized. However, current technical advances in whole-genome sequencing have facilitated that nut plant species became model plants for omics-based approaches. Here, we review the chemical diversity of seed polyphenols in majorly consumed nut species coupled to insights into their biological activities. Furthermore, we present an example of the annotation of key genes involved in polyphenolic biosynthesis in peanut using comparative genomics as a case study outlining how we are approaching omics-based approaches of the nut plant species. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8056029/ /pubmed/33889165 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581 Text en Copyright © 2021 Aneklaphakij, Saigo, Watanabe, Naake, Fernie, Bunsupa, Satitpatipan and Tohge. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Aneklaphakij, Chaiwat
Saigo, Tomoki
Watanabe, Mutsumi
Naake, Thomas
Fernie, Alisdair R.
Bunsupa, Somnuk
Satitpatipan, Veena
Tohge, Takayuki
Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title_full Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title_fullStr Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title_full_unstemmed Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title_short Diversity of Chemical Structures and Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Nut-Bearing Species
title_sort diversity of chemical structures and biosynthesis of polyphenols in nut-bearing species
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33889165
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.642581
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