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Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion

The cardioprotective effects of nitric oxide (NO) have been described through S-nitrosylation of several important proteins in the mitochondria of the cardiomyocyte. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of S-nitrosothiols by producing denitrosylation, thus l...

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Autores principales: Castillo, Oscar Arriagada, Herrera, Gustavo, Manriquez, Carlos, Rojas, Andrea F., González, Daniel R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918310
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040555
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author Castillo, Oscar Arriagada
Herrera, Gustavo
Manriquez, Carlos
Rojas, Andrea F.
González, Daniel R.
author_facet Castillo, Oscar Arriagada
Herrera, Gustavo
Manriquez, Carlos
Rojas, Andrea F.
González, Daniel R.
author_sort Castillo, Oscar Arriagada
collection PubMed
description The cardioprotective effects of nitric oxide (NO) have been described through S-nitrosylation of several important proteins in the mitochondria of the cardiomyocyte. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of S-nitrosothiols by producing denitrosylation, thus limiting the cardioprotective effect of NO. The effect of GSNOR inhibition on the damage by cardiac ischemia–reperfusion is still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of GSNOR promotes cardioprotection by increasing the levels of protein S-nitrosylation. In a model of ischemia–reperfusion in isolated rat heart, the effect of a GSNOR inhibitor, 5-chloro-3-(2-[4-ethoxyphenyl) (ethyl) amino]-2-oxoethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (C2), was investigated. Ventricular function and hemodynamics were determined, in addition to tissue damage and S-nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins. Hearts treated with C2 showed a lower release of myocardial damage marker creatine kinase and a reduction in the infarcted area. It also improved post-ischemia ventricular function compared to controls. These results were associated with increasing protein S-nitrosylation, specifically of the mitochondrial complexes III and V. The pharmacological inhibition of GSNOR showed a concentration-dependent cardioprotective effect, being observed in functional parameters and myocardial damage, which was maximal at 1 µmol/L, associated with increased S-nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins. These data suggest that GSNOR is an interesting pharmacological target for cardiac reperfusion injury.
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spelling pubmed-80657392021-04-25 Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion Castillo, Oscar Arriagada Herrera, Gustavo Manriquez, Carlos Rojas, Andrea F. González, Daniel R. Antioxidants (Basel) Article The cardioprotective effects of nitric oxide (NO) have been described through S-nitrosylation of several important proteins in the mitochondria of the cardiomyocyte. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of S-nitrosothiols by producing denitrosylation, thus limiting the cardioprotective effect of NO. The effect of GSNOR inhibition on the damage by cardiac ischemia–reperfusion is still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of GSNOR promotes cardioprotection by increasing the levels of protein S-nitrosylation. In a model of ischemia–reperfusion in isolated rat heart, the effect of a GSNOR inhibitor, 5-chloro-3-(2-[4-ethoxyphenyl) (ethyl) amino]-2-oxoethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (C2), was investigated. Ventricular function and hemodynamics were determined, in addition to tissue damage and S-nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins. Hearts treated with C2 showed a lower release of myocardial damage marker creatine kinase and a reduction in the infarcted area. It also improved post-ischemia ventricular function compared to controls. These results were associated with increasing protein S-nitrosylation, specifically of the mitochondrial complexes III and V. The pharmacological inhibition of GSNOR showed a concentration-dependent cardioprotective effect, being observed in functional parameters and myocardial damage, which was maximal at 1 µmol/L, associated with increased S-nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins. These data suggest that GSNOR is an interesting pharmacological target for cardiac reperfusion injury. MDPI 2021-04-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8065739/ /pubmed/33918310 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040555 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Castillo, Oscar Arriagada
Herrera, Gustavo
Manriquez, Carlos
Rojas, Andrea F.
González, Daniel R.
Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title_full Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title_fullStr Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title_short Pharmacological Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Reduces Cardiac Damage Induced by Ischemia–Reperfusion
title_sort pharmacological inhibition of s-nitrosoglutathione reductase reduces cardiac damage induced by ischemia–reperfusion
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918310
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040555
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