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Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an evolving disease and a major cause of pain and impaired mobility. A deeper understanding of cartilage metabolism in response to loading is critical to achieve greater insight into OA mechanisms. While physiological joint loading helps maintain cartilage integrity, reduced o...

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Autores principales: Caravaggi, Paolo, Assirelli, Elisa, Ensini, Andrea, Ortolani, Maurizio, Mariani, Erminia, Leardini, Alberto, Neri, Simona, Belvedere, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34012954
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.634327
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author Caravaggi, Paolo
Assirelli, Elisa
Ensini, Andrea
Ortolani, Maurizio
Mariani, Erminia
Leardini, Alberto
Neri, Simona
Belvedere, Claudio
author_facet Caravaggi, Paolo
Assirelli, Elisa
Ensini, Andrea
Ortolani, Maurizio
Mariani, Erminia
Leardini, Alberto
Neri, Simona
Belvedere, Claudio
author_sort Caravaggi, Paolo
collection PubMed
description Osteoarthritis (OA) is an evolving disease and a major cause of pain and impaired mobility. A deeper understanding of cartilage metabolism in response to loading is critical to achieve greater insight into OA mechanisms. While physiological joint loading helps maintain cartilage integrity, reduced or excessive loading have catabolic effects. The main scope of this study is to present an original methodology potentially capable to elucidate the effect of cyclic joint loading on cartilage metabolism, to identify mechanisms involved in preventing or slowing down OA progression, and to provide preliminary data on its application. In the proposed protocol, the combination of biomechanical data and medical imaging are integrated with molecular information about chondrocyte mechanotransduction and tissue homeostasis. The protocol appears to be flexible and suitable to analyze human OA knee cartilage explants, with different degrees of degeneration, undergoing ex vivo realistic cyclic joint loading estimated via gait analysis in patients simulating mild activities of daily living. The modulation of molecules involved in cartilage homeostasis, mechanotransduction, inflammation, pain and wound healing can be analyzed in chondrocytes and culture supernatants. A thorough analysis performed with the proposed methodology, combining in vivo functional biomechanical evaluations with ex vivo molecular assessments is expected to provide new insights on the beneficial effects of physiological loading and contribute to the design and optimization of non-pharmacological treatments limiting OA progression.
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spelling pubmed-81266682021-05-18 Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis Caravaggi, Paolo Assirelli, Elisa Ensini, Andrea Ortolani, Maurizio Mariani, Erminia Leardini, Alberto Neri, Simona Belvedere, Claudio Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Osteoarthritis (OA) is an evolving disease and a major cause of pain and impaired mobility. A deeper understanding of cartilage metabolism in response to loading is critical to achieve greater insight into OA mechanisms. While physiological joint loading helps maintain cartilage integrity, reduced or excessive loading have catabolic effects. The main scope of this study is to present an original methodology potentially capable to elucidate the effect of cyclic joint loading on cartilage metabolism, to identify mechanisms involved in preventing or slowing down OA progression, and to provide preliminary data on its application. In the proposed protocol, the combination of biomechanical data and medical imaging are integrated with molecular information about chondrocyte mechanotransduction and tissue homeostasis. The protocol appears to be flexible and suitable to analyze human OA knee cartilage explants, with different degrees of degeneration, undergoing ex vivo realistic cyclic joint loading estimated via gait analysis in patients simulating mild activities of daily living. The modulation of molecules involved in cartilage homeostasis, mechanotransduction, inflammation, pain and wound healing can be analyzed in chondrocytes and culture supernatants. A thorough analysis performed with the proposed methodology, combining in vivo functional biomechanical evaluations with ex vivo molecular assessments is expected to provide new insights on the beneficial effects of physiological loading and contribute to the design and optimization of non-pharmacological treatments limiting OA progression. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8126668/ /pubmed/34012954 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.634327 Text en Copyright © 2021 Caravaggi, Assirelli, Ensini, Ortolani, Mariani, Leardini, Neri and Belvedere. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Caravaggi, Paolo
Assirelli, Elisa
Ensini, Andrea
Ortolani, Maurizio
Mariani, Erminia
Leardini, Alberto
Neri, Simona
Belvedere, Claudio
Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title_full Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title_fullStr Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title_full_unstemmed Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title_short Biomechanical-Based Protocol for in vitro Study of Cartilage Response to Cyclic Loading: A Proof-of-Concept in Knee Osteoarthritis
title_sort biomechanical-based protocol for in vitro study of cartilage response to cyclic loading: a proof-of-concept in knee osteoarthritis
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34012954
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.634327
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