Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection

While MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus) provokes a lethal disease in humans, camelids, the main virus reservoir, are asymptomatic carriers, suggesting a crucial role for innate immune responses in controlling the infection. Experimentally infected camelids clear infectious viru...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Te, Nigeer, Rodon, Jordi, Ballester, Maria, Pérez, Mónica, Pailler-García, Lola, Segalés, Joaquim, Vergara-Alert, Júlia, Bensaid, Albert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34029358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009229
_version_ 1783706486438887424
author Te, Nigeer
Rodon, Jordi
Ballester, Maria
Pérez, Mónica
Pailler-García, Lola
Segalés, Joaquim
Vergara-Alert, Júlia
Bensaid, Albert
author_facet Te, Nigeer
Rodon, Jordi
Ballester, Maria
Pérez, Mónica
Pailler-García, Lola
Segalés, Joaquim
Vergara-Alert, Júlia
Bensaid, Albert
author_sort Te, Nigeer
collection PubMed
description While MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus) provokes a lethal disease in humans, camelids, the main virus reservoir, are asymptomatic carriers, suggesting a crucial role for innate immune responses in controlling the infection. Experimentally infected camelids clear infectious virus within one week and mount an effective adaptive immune response. Here, transcription of immune response genes was monitored in the respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected alpacas. Concomitant to the peak of infection, occurring at 2 days post inoculation (dpi), type I and III interferons (IFNs) were maximally transcribed only in the nasal mucosa of alpacas, while interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced along the whole respiratory tract. Simultaneous to mild focal infiltration of leukocytes in nasal mucosa and submucosa, upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and dampened transcription of pro-inflammatory genes under NF-κB control were observed. In the lung, early (1 dpi) transcription of chemokines (CCL2 and CCL3) correlated with a transient accumulation of mainly mononuclear leukocytes. A tight regulation of IFNs in lungs with expression of ISGs and controlled inflammatory responses, might contribute to virus clearance without causing tissue damage. Thus, the nasal mucosa, the main target of MERS-CoV in camelids, seems central in driving an efficient innate immune response based on triggering ISGs as well as the dual anti-inflammatory effects of type III IFNs and IL10.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8195365
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81953652021-06-21 Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection Te, Nigeer Rodon, Jordi Ballester, Maria Pérez, Mónica Pailler-García, Lola Segalés, Joaquim Vergara-Alert, Júlia Bensaid, Albert PLoS Pathog Research Article While MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus) provokes a lethal disease in humans, camelids, the main virus reservoir, are asymptomatic carriers, suggesting a crucial role for innate immune responses in controlling the infection. Experimentally infected camelids clear infectious virus within one week and mount an effective adaptive immune response. Here, transcription of immune response genes was monitored in the respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected alpacas. Concomitant to the peak of infection, occurring at 2 days post inoculation (dpi), type I and III interferons (IFNs) were maximally transcribed only in the nasal mucosa of alpacas, while interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced along the whole respiratory tract. Simultaneous to mild focal infiltration of leukocytes in nasal mucosa and submucosa, upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and dampened transcription of pro-inflammatory genes under NF-κB control were observed. In the lung, early (1 dpi) transcription of chemokines (CCL2 and CCL3) correlated with a transient accumulation of mainly mononuclear leukocytes. A tight regulation of IFNs in lungs with expression of ISGs and controlled inflammatory responses, might contribute to virus clearance without causing tissue damage. Thus, the nasal mucosa, the main target of MERS-CoV in camelids, seems central in driving an efficient innate immune response based on triggering ISGs as well as the dual anti-inflammatory effects of type III IFNs and IL10. Public Library of Science 2021-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8195365/ /pubmed/34029358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009229 Text en © 2021 Te et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Te, Nigeer
Rodon, Jordi
Ballester, Maria
Pérez, Mónica
Pailler-García, Lola
Segalés, Joaquim
Vergara-Alert, Júlia
Bensaid, Albert
Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title_full Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title_fullStr Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title_full_unstemmed Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title_short Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection
title_sort type i and iii ifns produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving mers-cov infection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34029358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009229
work_keys_str_mv AT tenigeer typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT rodonjordi typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT ballestermaria typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT perezmonica typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT paillergarcialola typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT segalesjoaquim typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT vergaraalertjulia typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection
AT bensaidalbert typeiandiiiifnsproducedbythenasalepitheliaanddimmedinflammationarefeaturesofalpacasresolvingmerscovinfection