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Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes
Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8208538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34133441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245708 |
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author | Lim, Eun Seob Baek, Seung-Youb Oh, Taeyoung Koo, Minseon Lee, Joo Young Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo-Sung |
author_facet | Lim, Eun Seob Baek, Seung-Youb Oh, Taeyoung Koo, Minseon Lee, Joo Young Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo-Sung |
author_sort | Lim, Eun Seob |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorly understood. In this study, B. cereus strains from tatsoi (BC4, BC10, and BC72) and the ATCC 10987 reference strain were incubated at 30°C to form biofilms in the presence of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes DNase I, proteinase K, dispase II, cellulase, amyloglucosidase, and α-amylase to assess the susceptibility to these enzymes. The four strains exhibited four different patterns in terms of biofilm susceptibility to the enzymes as well as morphology of surface-attached biofilms or suspended cell aggregates. DNase I inhibited the biofilm formation of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 but not of strains BC10 and BC72. This result suggests that some strains may not have extracellular DNA, or their extracellular DNA may be protected in their biofilms. In addition, the strains exhibited different patterns of susceptibility to protein- and carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. While other strains were resistant, strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 were susceptible to cellulase, suggesting that cellulose or its similar polysaccharides may exist and play an essential role in their biofilm formation. Our compositional and imaging analyses of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 suggested that the physicochemical properties of their biofilms are distinct, as calculated by the carbohydrate to protein ratio. Taken together, our study suggests that the extracellular matrix of B. cereus biofilms may be highly diverse and provides insight into the diverse mechanisms of biofilm formation among B. cereus strains. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8208538 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82085382021-06-29 Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes Lim, Eun Seob Baek, Seung-Youb Oh, Taeyoung Koo, Minseon Lee, Joo Young Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo-Sung PLoS One Research Article Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen and can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, which causes food hygiene problems. While it is necessary to understand strain-dependent variation to effectively control these biofilms, strain-to-strain variation in the structure of B. cereus biofilms is poorly understood. In this study, B. cereus strains from tatsoi (BC4, BC10, and BC72) and the ATCC 10987 reference strain were incubated at 30°C to form biofilms in the presence of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes DNase I, proteinase K, dispase II, cellulase, amyloglucosidase, and α-amylase to assess the susceptibility to these enzymes. The four strains exhibited four different patterns in terms of biofilm susceptibility to the enzymes as well as morphology of surface-attached biofilms or suspended cell aggregates. DNase I inhibited the biofilm formation of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 but not of strains BC10 and BC72. This result suggests that some strains may not have extracellular DNA, or their extracellular DNA may be protected in their biofilms. In addition, the strains exhibited different patterns of susceptibility to protein- and carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. While other strains were resistant, strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 were susceptible to cellulase, suggesting that cellulose or its similar polysaccharides may exist and play an essential role in their biofilm formation. Our compositional and imaging analyses of strains ATCC 10987 and BC4 suggested that the physicochemical properties of their biofilms are distinct, as calculated by the carbohydrate to protein ratio. Taken together, our study suggests that the extracellular matrix of B. cereus biofilms may be highly diverse and provides insight into the diverse mechanisms of biofilm formation among B. cereus strains. Public Library of Science 2021-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8208538/ /pubmed/34133441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245708 Text en © 2021 Lim et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lim, Eun Seob Baek, Seung-Youb Oh, Taeyoung Koo, Minseon Lee, Joo Young Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Joo-Sung Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title | Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title_full | Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title_fullStr | Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title_full_unstemmed | Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title_short | Strain variation in Bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
title_sort | strain variation in bacillus cereus biofilms and their susceptibility to extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8208538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34133441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245708 |
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