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A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of the recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). As the infection spreads, there is increasing evidence of neurological and psychiatric involvement in COVID-19. Headache, impaired consciousness, and ol...

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Autores principales: Xu, Yidan, Zhuang, Yu, Kang, Lumei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221270/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34145211
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.932962
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author Xu, Yidan
Zhuang, Yu
Kang, Lumei
author_facet Xu, Yidan
Zhuang, Yu
Kang, Lumei
author_sort Xu, Yidan
collection PubMed
description Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of the recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). As the infection spreads, there is increasing evidence of neurological and psychiatric involvement in COVID-19. Headache, impaired consciousness, and olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are common neurological manifestations described in the literature. Studies demonstrating more specific and more severe neurological involvement such as cerebrovascular insults, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are also emerging. Respiratory failure, a significant condition that leads to mortality in COVID-19, is hypothesized to be partly due to brainstem impairment. Notably, some of these neurological complications seem to persist long after infection. This review aims to provide an update on what is currently known about neurological involvement in patients with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we demonstrate invasion routes of SARS-CoV-2, provide evidence to support the neurotropism hypothesis of the virus, and investigate the pathological mechanisms that underlie neurological complications associated with SARS-CoV-2.
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spelling pubmed-82212702021-06-30 A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Xu, Yidan Zhuang, Yu Kang, Lumei Med Sci Monit Review Articles Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of the recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). As the infection spreads, there is increasing evidence of neurological and psychiatric involvement in COVID-19. Headache, impaired consciousness, and olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are common neurological manifestations described in the literature. Studies demonstrating more specific and more severe neurological involvement such as cerebrovascular insults, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome are also emerging. Respiratory failure, a significant condition that leads to mortality in COVID-19, is hypothesized to be partly due to brainstem impairment. Notably, some of these neurological complications seem to persist long after infection. This review aims to provide an update on what is currently known about neurological involvement in patients with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we demonstrate invasion routes of SARS-CoV-2, provide evidence to support the neurotropism hypothesis of the virus, and investigate the pathological mechanisms that underlie neurological complications associated with SARS-CoV-2. International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2021-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8221270/ /pubmed/34145211 http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.932962 Text en © Med Sci Monit, 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Review Articles
Xu, Yidan
Zhuang, Yu
Kang, Lumei
A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short A Review of Neurological Involvement in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort review of neurological involvement in patients with sars-cov-2 infection
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221270/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34145211
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.932962
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