Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of drugs employed in the treatment of various types of malignant tumors and improve the therapeutic effect. ICIs blocks negative co-stimulatory molecules, such as programmed cell death gene-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-ass...

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Autores principales: Zhan, Ling, Feng, Hong-fang, Liu, Han-qing, Guo, Lian-tao, Chen, Chuang, Yao, Xiao-li, Sun, Sheng-rong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Endocrinology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34177799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.649863
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author Zhan, Ling
Feng, Hong-fang
Liu, Han-qing
Guo, Lian-tao
Chen, Chuang
Yao, Xiao-li
Sun, Sheng-rong
author_facet Zhan, Ling
Feng, Hong-fang
Liu, Han-qing
Guo, Lian-tao
Chen, Chuang
Yao, Xiao-li
Sun, Sheng-rong
author_sort Zhan, Ling
collection PubMed
description Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of drugs employed in the treatment of various types of malignant tumors and improve the therapeutic effect. ICIs blocks negative co-stimulatory molecules, such as programmed cell death gene-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), reactivating the recognition and killing effect of the immune system on tumors. However, the reactivation of the immune system can also lead to the death of normal organs, tissues, and cells, eventually leading to immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). IRAEs involve various organs and tissues and also cause thyroid dysfunction. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, possible pathogenesis, and management of ICIs-related thyroid dysfunction.
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spelling pubmed-82241702021-06-25 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management Zhan, Ling Feng, Hong-fang Liu, Han-qing Guo, Lian-tao Chen, Chuang Yao, Xiao-li Sun, Sheng-rong Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of drugs employed in the treatment of various types of malignant tumors and improve the therapeutic effect. ICIs blocks negative co-stimulatory molecules, such as programmed cell death gene-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), reactivating the recognition and killing effect of the immune system on tumors. However, the reactivation of the immune system can also lead to the death of normal organs, tissues, and cells, eventually leading to immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). IRAEs involve various organs and tissues and also cause thyroid dysfunction. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, possible pathogenesis, and management of ICIs-related thyroid dysfunction. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8224170/ /pubmed/34177799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.649863 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhan, Feng, Liu, Guo, Chen, Yao and Sun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Zhan, Ling
Feng, Hong-fang
Liu, Han-qing
Guo, Lian-tao
Chen, Chuang
Yao, Xiao-li
Sun, Sheng-rong
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title_full Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title_fullStr Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title_full_unstemmed Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title_short Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Possible Pathogenesis, and Management
title_sort immune checkpoint inhibitors-related thyroid dysfunction: epidemiology, clinical presentation, possible pathogenesis, and management
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34177799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.649863
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