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Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties
Small quantities of lipids accumulate in the white rice grains. These are grouped into non-starch lipid and starch lipid fractions that affect starch properties through association with starch. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) are two major lipid classes in the tw...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224701/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061169 |
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author | Luo, Jixun Liu, Lei Konik-Rose, Christine Tian, Lijun Singh, Surinder Howitt, Crispin A. Li, Zhongyi Liu, Qing |
author_facet | Luo, Jixun Liu, Lei Konik-Rose, Christine Tian, Lijun Singh, Surinder Howitt, Crispin A. Li, Zhongyi Liu, Qing |
author_sort | Luo, Jixun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Small quantities of lipids accumulate in the white rice grains. These are grouped into non-starch lipid and starch lipid fractions that affect starch properties through association with starch. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) are two major lipid classes in the two fractions. Using high-oleic rice grains, we investigated the fatty-acid composition in flour and starch by LC-MS and evaluated its impact on starch properties. In the wild-type grain, nearly 50% of fatty acids in LPC and LPE were palmitic acid (C16:0), over 20% linoleic acid (C18:2) and less than 10% oleic acid (C18:1). In the high-oleic rice grain, C18:1 increased at the expense of C18:2 and C16:0. The compositional changes in starch lipids suggest that LPC and LPE are transported to an amyloplast with an origin from endoplasmic reticulum-derived PC and PE during endosperm development. The high-dissociation temperature of the amylose-lipid complex (ALC) and restricted starch swelling power in the high-oleic rice starch indicates that the stability of the ALC involving C18:1 is higher than that of C18:2 and C16:0. This study provides insight into the lipid deposition and starch properties of rice grains with optimized fatty-acid composition. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8224701 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82247012021-06-25 Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties Luo, Jixun Liu, Lei Konik-Rose, Christine Tian, Lijun Singh, Surinder Howitt, Crispin A. Li, Zhongyi Liu, Qing Foods Article Small quantities of lipids accumulate in the white rice grains. These are grouped into non-starch lipid and starch lipid fractions that affect starch properties through association with starch. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) are two major lipid classes in the two fractions. Using high-oleic rice grains, we investigated the fatty-acid composition in flour and starch by LC-MS and evaluated its impact on starch properties. In the wild-type grain, nearly 50% of fatty acids in LPC and LPE were palmitic acid (C16:0), over 20% linoleic acid (C18:2) and less than 10% oleic acid (C18:1). In the high-oleic rice grain, C18:1 increased at the expense of C18:2 and C16:0. The compositional changes in starch lipids suggest that LPC and LPE are transported to an amyloplast with an origin from endoplasmic reticulum-derived PC and PE during endosperm development. The high-dissociation temperature of the amylose-lipid complex (ALC) and restricted starch swelling power in the high-oleic rice starch indicates that the stability of the ALC involving C18:1 is higher than that of C18:2 and C16:0. This study provides insight into the lipid deposition and starch properties of rice grains with optimized fatty-acid composition. MDPI 2021-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8224701/ /pubmed/34071051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061169 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Luo, Jixun Liu, Lei Konik-Rose, Christine Tian, Lijun Singh, Surinder Howitt, Crispin A. Li, Zhongyi Liu, Qing Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title | Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title_full | Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title_fullStr | Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title_full_unstemmed | Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title_short | Down-Regulation of FAD2-1 Gene Expression Alters Lysophospholipid Composition in the Endosperm of Rice Grain and Influences Starch Properties |
title_sort | down-regulation of fad2-1 gene expression alters lysophospholipid composition in the endosperm of rice grain and influences starch properties |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224701/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061169 |
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