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Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review

Malnutrition, which commonly occurs in perioperative patients with cancer, leads to decreased muscle mass, hypoalbuminemia, and edema, thereby increasing the patient’s risk of various complications. Thus, the nutritional management of perioperative patients with cancer should be focused on to ensure...

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Autores principales: Kose, Eiji, Wakabayashi, Hidetaka, Yasuno, Nobuhiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34200493
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061961
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author Kose, Eiji
Wakabayashi, Hidetaka
Yasuno, Nobuhiro
author_facet Kose, Eiji
Wakabayashi, Hidetaka
Yasuno, Nobuhiro
author_sort Kose, Eiji
collection PubMed
description Malnutrition, which commonly occurs in perioperative patients with cancer, leads to decreased muscle mass, hypoalbuminemia, and edema, thereby increasing the patient’s risk of various complications. Thus, the nutritional management of perioperative patients with cancer should be focused on to ensure that surgical treatment is safe and effective, postoperative complications are prevented, and mortality is reduced. Pathophysiological and drug-induced factors in elderly patients with cancer are associated with the risk of developing malnutrition. Pathophysiological factors include the effects of tumors, cachexia, and anorexia of aging. Metabolic changes, such as inflammation, excess catabolism, and anabolic resistance in patients with tumor-induced cancer alter the body’s ability to use essential nutrients. Drug-induced factors include the side effects of anticancer drugs and polypharmacy. Drug–drug, drug–disease, drug–nutrient, and drug–food interactions can significantly affect the patient’s nutritional status. Furthermore, malnutrition may affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, potentiate drug effects, and cause side effects. This review outlines polypharmacy and malnutrition, the impact of malnutrition on drug efficacy, drug–nutrient and drug–food interactions, and intervention effects on polypharmacy or cancer cachexia in elderly perioperative patients with cancer.
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spelling pubmed-82276532021-06-26 Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review Kose, Eiji Wakabayashi, Hidetaka Yasuno, Nobuhiro Nutrients Review Malnutrition, which commonly occurs in perioperative patients with cancer, leads to decreased muscle mass, hypoalbuminemia, and edema, thereby increasing the patient’s risk of various complications. Thus, the nutritional management of perioperative patients with cancer should be focused on to ensure that surgical treatment is safe and effective, postoperative complications are prevented, and mortality is reduced. Pathophysiological and drug-induced factors in elderly patients with cancer are associated with the risk of developing malnutrition. Pathophysiological factors include the effects of tumors, cachexia, and anorexia of aging. Metabolic changes, such as inflammation, excess catabolism, and anabolic resistance in patients with tumor-induced cancer alter the body’s ability to use essential nutrients. Drug-induced factors include the side effects of anticancer drugs and polypharmacy. Drug–drug, drug–disease, drug–nutrient, and drug–food interactions can significantly affect the patient’s nutritional status. Furthermore, malnutrition may affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, potentiate drug effects, and cause side effects. This review outlines polypharmacy and malnutrition, the impact of malnutrition on drug efficacy, drug–nutrient and drug–food interactions, and intervention effects on polypharmacy or cancer cachexia in elderly perioperative patients with cancer. MDPI 2021-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8227653/ /pubmed/34200493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061961 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kose, Eiji
Wakabayashi, Hidetaka
Yasuno, Nobuhiro
Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_full Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_short Polypharmacy and Malnutrition Management of Elderly Perioperative Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
title_sort polypharmacy and malnutrition management of elderly perioperative patients with cancer: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34200493
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061961
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