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Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada

OBJECTIVE: To describe the traditional food (TF) systems of First Nations in Canada, including intake, barriers and promoters. METHODS: The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study is a cross-Canada participatory study of First Nations adults below the 60(th) parallel that obtained data f...

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Autores principales: Batal, Malek, Chan, Hing Man, Fediuk, Karen, Ing, Amy, Berti, Peter, Sadik, Tonio, Johnson-Down, Louise
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8239073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34181221
http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/s41997-020-00353-y
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author Batal, Malek
Chan, Hing Man
Fediuk, Karen
Ing, Amy
Berti, Peter
Sadik, Tonio
Johnson-Down, Louise
author_facet Batal, Malek
Chan, Hing Man
Fediuk, Karen
Ing, Amy
Berti, Peter
Sadik, Tonio
Johnson-Down, Louise
author_sort Batal, Malek
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To describe the traditional food (TF) systems of First Nations in Canada, including intake, barriers and promoters. METHODS: The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study is a cross-Canada participatory study of First Nations adults below the 60(th) parallel that obtained data for communities excluded from other national studies. A food frequency questionnaire was used to establish frequency of TF intake (number of days in a year) to allow comparisons across ecozones/regions in Canada. Grams of TF intake were also calculated using frequency multiplied by average portions from 24-h recalls. Closed- and open-ended questions attempted to identify some of the key barriers and concerns regarding TF access and use. Multivariable analyses were run to determine what factors are associated with increased TF consumption. RESULTS: Across communities, there is a strong preference by adults to have TF in the diet more often. Consumption of land animals was most frequently reported in most ecozones except for the Pacific Maritime and Mixedwood Plains, where fish and plants, respectively, were more frequently consumed. First Nations identified structural and environmental challenges such as development, government regulations and climate change, along with household barriers such as insufficient capital for equipment and transportation, lack of time and absence of a hunter in the household. Multivariable analyses revealed that the highest intake of TF occurred in the Taiga Plains ecozone, and for older individuals and men. CONCLUSION: Identifying solutions that empower First Nations at all levels is required to overcome the multiple challenges to the inclusion of TF in the diet.
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spelling pubmed-82390732021-07-13 Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada Batal, Malek Chan, Hing Man Fediuk, Karen Ing, Amy Berti, Peter Sadik, Tonio Johnson-Down, Louise Can J Public Health Special Issue on First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study: Quantitative Research OBJECTIVE: To describe the traditional food (TF) systems of First Nations in Canada, including intake, barriers and promoters. METHODS: The First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study is a cross-Canada participatory study of First Nations adults below the 60(th) parallel that obtained data for communities excluded from other national studies. A food frequency questionnaire was used to establish frequency of TF intake (number of days in a year) to allow comparisons across ecozones/regions in Canada. Grams of TF intake were also calculated using frequency multiplied by average portions from 24-h recalls. Closed- and open-ended questions attempted to identify some of the key barriers and concerns regarding TF access and use. Multivariable analyses were run to determine what factors are associated with increased TF consumption. RESULTS: Across communities, there is a strong preference by adults to have TF in the diet more often. Consumption of land animals was most frequently reported in most ecozones except for the Pacific Maritime and Mixedwood Plains, where fish and plants, respectively, were more frequently consumed. First Nations identified structural and environmental challenges such as development, government regulations and climate change, along with household barriers such as insufficient capital for equipment and transportation, lack of time and absence of a hunter in the household. Multivariable analyses revealed that the highest intake of TF occurred in the Taiga Plains ecozone, and for older individuals and men. CONCLUSION: Identifying solutions that empower First Nations at all levels is required to overcome the multiple challenges to the inclusion of TF in the diet. Springer International Publishing 2021-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8239073/ /pubmed/34181221 http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/s41997-020-00353-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Special Issue on First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study: Quantitative Research
Batal, Malek
Chan, Hing Man
Fediuk, Karen
Ing, Amy
Berti, Peter
Sadik, Tonio
Johnson-Down, Louise
Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title_full Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title_fullStr Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title_full_unstemmed Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title_short Importance of the traditional food systems for First Nations adults living on reserves in Canada
title_sort importance of the traditional food systems for first nations adults living on reserves in canada
topic Special Issue on First Nations Food, Nutrition and Environment Study: Quantitative Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8239073/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34181221
http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/s41997-020-00353-y
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