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Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells

BACKGROUND: Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a central negative regulator of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells and functions as an intracellular checkpoint in cancer. In particular, Th9 cells support mast cell activation, promote dendritic cell recruitment, enhance the cytolytic function of c...

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Autores principales: Schanz, Oliver, Cornez, Isabelle, Yajnanarayana, Sowmya Parampalli, David, Friederike Sophie, Peer, Sebastian, Gruber, Thomas, Krawitz, Peter, Brossart, Peter, Heine, Annkristin, Landsberg, Jenny, Baier, Gottfried, Wolf, Dominik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8287598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34272310
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-002889
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author Schanz, Oliver
Cornez, Isabelle
Yajnanarayana, Sowmya Parampalli
David, Friederike Sophie
Peer, Sebastian
Gruber, Thomas
Krawitz, Peter
Brossart, Peter
Heine, Annkristin
Landsberg, Jenny
Baier, Gottfried
Wolf, Dominik
author_facet Schanz, Oliver
Cornez, Isabelle
Yajnanarayana, Sowmya Parampalli
David, Friederike Sophie
Peer, Sebastian
Gruber, Thomas
Krawitz, Peter
Brossart, Peter
Heine, Annkristin
Landsberg, Jenny
Baier, Gottfried
Wolf, Dominik
author_sort Schanz, Oliver
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a central negative regulator of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells and functions as an intracellular checkpoint in cancer. In particular, Th9 cells support mast cell activation, promote dendritic cell recruitment, enhance the cytolytic function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells, and directly kill tumor cells, thereby contributing to tumor immunity. However, the role of Cbl-b in the differentiation and antitumor function of Th9 cells is not sufficiently resolved. METHODS: Using Cblb(−/−) mice, we investigated the effect of knocking out Cblb on the differentiation process and function of different T helper cell subsets, focusing on regulatory T cell (Treg) and Th9 cells. We applied single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing of in vitro differentiated Th9 cells to understand how Cbl-b shapes the transcriptome and regulates the differentiation and function of Th9 cells. We transferred tumor-model antigen-specific Cblb(−/−) Th9 cells into melanoma-bearing mice and assessed tumor control in vivo. In addition, we blocked interleukin (IL)-9 in melanoma cell-exposed Cblb(−/−) mice to investigate the role of IL-9 in tumor immunity. RESULTS: Here, we provide experimental evidence that Cbl-b acts as a rheostat favoring Tregs at the expense of Th9 cell differentiation. Cblb(−/−) Th9 cells exert superior antitumor activity leading to improved melanoma control in vivo. Accordingly, blocking IL-9 in melanoma cell-exposed Cblb(−/−) mice reversed their tumor rejection phenotype. Furthermore, scRNA sequencing of in vitro differentiated Th9 cells from naïve T cells isolated from wildtype and Cblb(−/−) animals revealed a transcriptomic basis for increased Th9 cell differentiation. CONCLUSION: We established IL-9 and Th9 cells as key antitumor executers in Cblb(−/−) animals. This knowledge may be helpful for the future improvement of adoptive T cell therapies in cancer.
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spelling pubmed-82875982021-07-30 Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells Schanz, Oliver Cornez, Isabelle Yajnanarayana, Sowmya Parampalli David, Friederike Sophie Peer, Sebastian Gruber, Thomas Krawitz, Peter Brossart, Peter Heine, Annkristin Landsberg, Jenny Baier, Gottfried Wolf, Dominik J Immunother Cancer Basic Tumor Immunology BACKGROUND: Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) is a central negative regulator of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells and functions as an intracellular checkpoint in cancer. In particular, Th9 cells support mast cell activation, promote dendritic cell recruitment, enhance the cytolytic function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells, and directly kill tumor cells, thereby contributing to tumor immunity. However, the role of Cbl-b in the differentiation and antitumor function of Th9 cells is not sufficiently resolved. METHODS: Using Cblb(−/−) mice, we investigated the effect of knocking out Cblb on the differentiation process and function of different T helper cell subsets, focusing on regulatory T cell (Treg) and Th9 cells. We applied single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing of in vitro differentiated Th9 cells to understand how Cbl-b shapes the transcriptome and regulates the differentiation and function of Th9 cells. We transferred tumor-model antigen-specific Cblb(−/−) Th9 cells into melanoma-bearing mice and assessed tumor control in vivo. In addition, we blocked interleukin (IL)-9 in melanoma cell-exposed Cblb(−/−) mice to investigate the role of IL-9 in tumor immunity. RESULTS: Here, we provide experimental evidence that Cbl-b acts as a rheostat favoring Tregs at the expense of Th9 cell differentiation. Cblb(−/−) Th9 cells exert superior antitumor activity leading to improved melanoma control in vivo. Accordingly, blocking IL-9 in melanoma cell-exposed Cblb(−/−) mice reversed their tumor rejection phenotype. Furthermore, scRNA sequencing of in vitro differentiated Th9 cells from naïve T cells isolated from wildtype and Cblb(−/−) animals revealed a transcriptomic basis for increased Th9 cell differentiation. CONCLUSION: We established IL-9 and Th9 cells as key antitumor executers in Cblb(−/−) animals. This knowledge may be helpful for the future improvement of adoptive T cell therapies in cancer. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8287598/ /pubmed/34272310 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-002889 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Basic Tumor Immunology
Schanz, Oliver
Cornez, Isabelle
Yajnanarayana, Sowmya Parampalli
David, Friederike Sophie
Peer, Sebastian
Gruber, Thomas
Krawitz, Peter
Brossart, Peter
Heine, Annkristin
Landsberg, Jenny
Baier, Gottfried
Wolf, Dominik
Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title_full Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title_fullStr Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title_full_unstemmed Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title_short Tumor rejection in Cblb(−/−) mice depends on IL-9 and Th9 cells
title_sort tumor rejection in cblb(−/−) mice depends on il-9 and th9 cells
topic Basic Tumor Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8287598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34272310
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-002889
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