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A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes dendritic cell differentiation from precursors, and consequently, enhances the antigen presentation process and adaptive immune responses. With such functions, GM-CSF has been used as immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy fo...

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Autores principales: Chen, Lichao, Imamichi, Shoji, Tong, Ying, Sasaki, Yuka, Onodera, Takae, Nakamura, Satoshi, Igaki, Hiroshi, Itami, Jun, Masutani, Mitsuko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34357151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines8070035
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author Chen, Lichao
Imamichi, Shoji
Tong, Ying
Sasaki, Yuka
Onodera, Takae
Nakamura, Satoshi
Igaki, Hiroshi
Itami, Jun
Masutani, Mitsuko
author_facet Chen, Lichao
Imamichi, Shoji
Tong, Ying
Sasaki, Yuka
Onodera, Takae
Nakamura, Satoshi
Igaki, Hiroshi
Itami, Jun
Masutani, Mitsuko
author_sort Chen, Lichao
collection PubMed
description Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes dendritic cell differentiation from precursors, and consequently, enhances the antigen presentation process and adaptive immune responses. With such functions, GM-CSF has been used as immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy for cancer treatment to augment the survival and activity of immune cells. However, an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment may cause anergy of T cells. It has also been reported that GM-CSF contributes to the development of myeloid-derived suppressor cells from the precursors. In this study, to analyze the combined effect of GM-CSF and released factors from cancer cells after gamma-ray irradiation on bone marrow cell differentiation and dynamics, we established an in vitro culture system using mouse bone marrow cells, GM-CSF, and conditioned medium from gamma ray irradiated mouse melanoma B16 cells at 24 Gy. We analyzed the gene expression changes of the bone marrow-derived cells on day 6. The results showed that GM-CSF dose-dependently enhanced the differentiation of macrophages from bone marrow cells, their antigen-presenting function and polarization to type I. The results implied the induced macrophages from the bone marrow may potentially contribute to tumor immune responses in a systemic manner when GM-CSF is boosted during photon-beam radiation therapy.
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spelling pubmed-83054032021-07-25 A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1 Chen, Lichao Imamichi, Shoji Tong, Ying Sasaki, Yuka Onodera, Takae Nakamura, Satoshi Igaki, Hiroshi Itami, Jun Masutani, Mitsuko Medicines (Basel) Article Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes dendritic cell differentiation from precursors, and consequently, enhances the antigen presentation process and adaptive immune responses. With such functions, GM-CSF has been used as immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy for cancer treatment to augment the survival and activity of immune cells. However, an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment may cause anergy of T cells. It has also been reported that GM-CSF contributes to the development of myeloid-derived suppressor cells from the precursors. In this study, to analyze the combined effect of GM-CSF and released factors from cancer cells after gamma-ray irradiation on bone marrow cell differentiation and dynamics, we established an in vitro culture system using mouse bone marrow cells, GM-CSF, and conditioned medium from gamma ray irradiated mouse melanoma B16 cells at 24 Gy. We analyzed the gene expression changes of the bone marrow-derived cells on day 6. The results showed that GM-CSF dose-dependently enhanced the differentiation of macrophages from bone marrow cells, their antigen-presenting function and polarization to type I. The results implied the induced macrophages from the bone marrow may potentially contribute to tumor immune responses in a systemic manner when GM-CSF is boosted during photon-beam radiation therapy. MDPI 2021-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8305403/ /pubmed/34357151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines8070035 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Lichao
Imamichi, Shoji
Tong, Ying
Sasaki, Yuka
Onodera, Takae
Nakamura, Satoshi
Igaki, Hiroshi
Itami, Jun
Masutani, Mitsuko
A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title_full A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title_fullStr A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title_full_unstemmed A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title_short A Combination of GM-CSF and Released Factors from Gamma-Irradiated Tumor Cells Enhances the Differentiation of Macrophages from Bone Marrow Cells and Their Antigen-Presenting Function and Polarization to Type 1
title_sort combination of gm-csf and released factors from gamma-irradiated tumor cells enhances the differentiation of macrophages from bone marrow cells and their antigen-presenting function and polarization to type 1
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34357151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines8070035
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