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Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome

Grape pomace (GP) is a winemaking by-product rich in polyphenols and fibre. Supplementation with GP extracts has shown potential benefits against oxidative stress- and inflammation-related pathologies. As a new nutritional target, this paper explores the impact of the ingestion of a grape pomace ext...

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Autores principales: Taladrid, Diego, González de Llano, Dolores, Zorraquín-Peña, Irene, Tamargo, Alba, Silva, Mariana, Molinero, Natalia, Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria, Bartolomé, Begoña
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371979
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072467
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author Taladrid, Diego
González de Llano, Dolores
Zorraquín-Peña, Irene
Tamargo, Alba
Silva, Mariana
Molinero, Natalia
Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria
Bartolomé, Begoña
author_facet Taladrid, Diego
González de Llano, Dolores
Zorraquín-Peña, Irene
Tamargo, Alba
Silva, Mariana
Molinero, Natalia
Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria
Bartolomé, Begoña
author_sort Taladrid, Diego
collection PubMed
description Grape pomace (GP) is a winemaking by-product rich in polyphenols and fibre. Supplementation with GP extracts has shown potential benefits against oxidative stress- and inflammation-related pathologies. As a new nutritional target, this paper explores the impact of the ingestion of a grape pomace extract on intestinal barrier functionality. A GP extract was sequentially subjected to gastrointestinal and colonic digestion using the dynamic gastrointestinal simulator (simgi(®)). This generated two simulated fluids: intestinal-digested extract (IDE) and colonic-digested extract (CDE). The effects of these two fluids on paracellular permeability and the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (i.e., zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin) were assessed in Caco-2-cell monolayers grown in Transwell(®) inserts. The IDE fluid significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran with respect to the control, whereas no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found for CDE, which could be due, at least partially, to the pro-leaky effect of the colonic digestion medium. Accordant slight increases in the mRNA levels of both ZO-1 and occludin were observed for IDE, but without statistical significance. Additionally, the colonic fermentation of the GP extract promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and phenolic metabolites and led to changes in the relative abundance of some bacteria that might affect paracellular permeability. Overall, this paper reports first trends about the effects of grape pomace extracts on intestinal permeability that would require further confirmation in future experiments.
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spelling pubmed-83087812021-07-25 Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome Taladrid, Diego González de Llano, Dolores Zorraquín-Peña, Irene Tamargo, Alba Silva, Mariana Molinero, Natalia Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria Bartolomé, Begoña Nutrients Article Grape pomace (GP) is a winemaking by-product rich in polyphenols and fibre. Supplementation with GP extracts has shown potential benefits against oxidative stress- and inflammation-related pathologies. As a new nutritional target, this paper explores the impact of the ingestion of a grape pomace extract on intestinal barrier functionality. A GP extract was sequentially subjected to gastrointestinal and colonic digestion using the dynamic gastrointestinal simulator (simgi(®)). This generated two simulated fluids: intestinal-digested extract (IDE) and colonic-digested extract (CDE). The effects of these two fluids on paracellular permeability and the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (i.e., zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin) were assessed in Caco-2-cell monolayers grown in Transwell(®) inserts. The IDE fluid significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran with respect to the control, whereas no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found for CDE, which could be due, at least partially, to the pro-leaky effect of the colonic digestion medium. Accordant slight increases in the mRNA levels of both ZO-1 and occludin were observed for IDE, but without statistical significance. Additionally, the colonic fermentation of the GP extract promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and phenolic metabolites and led to changes in the relative abundance of some bacteria that might affect paracellular permeability. Overall, this paper reports first trends about the effects of grape pomace extracts on intestinal permeability that would require further confirmation in future experiments. MDPI 2021-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8308781/ /pubmed/34371979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072467 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Taladrid, Diego
González de Llano, Dolores
Zorraquín-Peña, Irene
Tamargo, Alba
Silva, Mariana
Molinero, Natalia
Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria
Bartolomé, Begoña
Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title_full Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title_fullStr Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title_short Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome
title_sort gastrointestinal digestion of a grape pomace extract: impact on intestinal barrier permeability and interaction with gut microbiome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371979
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072467
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