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Molecular mechanisms of opioid tolerance: From opioid receptors to inflammatory mediators (Review)
Opioids are considered the most effective analgesics for the treatment of both acute and chronic pain. However, prolonged opioid use can induce a certain level of tolerance to its analgesic effects, leading to a reduction in its effectiveness, addiction and abuse. A better understanding of the mecha...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
D.A. Spandidos
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8311239/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34345286 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10437 |