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Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients

OBJECTIVES: Hydronephrosis (HN) is dilatation of the collecting system of the kidney due to obstruction of urine outflow. This study intended firstly, to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) imaging to determine the cause of HN, and secondly, to list the causes of HN. METHODS: In this retrosp...

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Autores principales: Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud, Alhamodi, Dahhan Saleh, Alhammadi, Mohammed Ali, Alshamrani, Abdullah Fahad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Professional Medical Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8377938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34475906
http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3951
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author Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud
Alhamodi, Dahhan Saleh
Alhammadi, Mohammed Ali
Alshamrani, Abdullah Fahad
author_facet Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud
Alhamodi, Dahhan Saleh
Alhammadi, Mohammed Ali
Alshamrani, Abdullah Fahad
author_sort Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Hydronephrosis (HN) is dilatation of the collecting system of the kidney due to obstruction of urine outflow. This study intended firstly, to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) imaging to determine the cause of HN, and secondly, to list the causes of HN. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 233 patients with HN were scanned to determine the cause of the HN in the period from 1(st) January 2016 to 31(st) October 2017. Categorical results were written as frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: Out of 233, 91.41% were adults and 8.58% were children (P<0.001), 66.10% were male and 33.90% were female (P<0.001). In 55.36%, HN was in the right kidney and 44.64% was in the left (P=0.116). Exactly 58% of patients were suffering from grade-2, 21.5% grade-3, 11.6% grade-1, and 8.2% grade-4 HN. US imaging can determine the cause of HN in 70.4% of patients. Kidney or ureteric calculi were the cause of HN in 54.1% of cases, reflux was in 7.3%, and pelviureteric junction (PUJ) stenosis was in 3.9%. In cases of calculi induced HN, 25.3% of the calculi were in the vesicoureteric (VUJ) junction, 21.5% were in the renal pelvis, 6.4% were in the PUJ or upper ureter, and only 0.9% were in the middle ureter. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound imaging can determine the cause of HN in more than two thirds of patients. Calculi are the most common cause of HN even in children and are most common in the VUJ junction.
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spelling pubmed-83779382021-09-01 Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud Alhamodi, Dahhan Saleh Alhammadi, Mohammed Ali Alshamrani, Abdullah Fahad Pak J Med Sci Original Article OBJECTIVES: Hydronephrosis (HN) is dilatation of the collecting system of the kidney due to obstruction of urine outflow. This study intended firstly, to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) imaging to determine the cause of HN, and secondly, to list the causes of HN. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 233 patients with HN were scanned to determine the cause of the HN in the period from 1(st) January 2016 to 31(st) October 2017. Categorical results were written as frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: Out of 233, 91.41% were adults and 8.58% were children (P<0.001), 66.10% were male and 33.90% were female (P<0.001). In 55.36%, HN was in the right kidney and 44.64% was in the left (P=0.116). Exactly 58% of patients were suffering from grade-2, 21.5% grade-3, 11.6% grade-1, and 8.2% grade-4 HN. US imaging can determine the cause of HN in 70.4% of patients. Kidney or ureteric calculi were the cause of HN in 54.1% of cases, reflux was in 7.3%, and pelviureteric junction (PUJ) stenosis was in 3.9%. In cases of calculi induced HN, 25.3% of the calculi were in the vesicoureteric (VUJ) junction, 21.5% were in the renal pelvis, 6.4% were in the PUJ or upper ureter, and only 0.9% were in the middle ureter. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound imaging can determine the cause of HN in more than two thirds of patients. Calculi are the most common cause of HN even in children and are most common in the VUJ junction. Professional Medical Publications 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8377938/ /pubmed/34475906 http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3951 Text en Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Alshoabi, Sultan Abdulwadoud
Alhamodi, Dahhan Saleh
Alhammadi, Mohammed Ali
Alshamrani, Abdullah Fahad
Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title_full Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title_fullStr Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title_full_unstemmed Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title_short Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients
title_sort etiology of hydronephrosis in adults and children: ultrasonographic assessment in 233 patients
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8377938/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34475906
http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3951
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