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Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine

SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines(1–3) mediate protection from severe disease as early as ten days after prime vaccination(3), when neutralizing antibodies are hardly detectable(4–6). Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells may therefore be the main mediators of protection at this early stage(7,8). The details...

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Autores principales: Oberhardt, Valerie, Luxenburger, Hendrik, Kemming, Janine, Schulien, Isabel, Ciminski, Kevin, Giese, Sebastian, Csernalabics, Benedikt, Lang-Meli, Julia, Janowska, Iga, Staniek, Julian, Wild, Katharina, Basho, Kristi, Marinescu, Mircea Stefan, Fuchs, Jonas, Topfstedt, Fernando, Janda, Ales, Sogukpinar, Oezlem, Hilger, Hanna, Stete, Katarina, Emmerich, Florian, Bengsch, Bertram, Waller, Cornelius F., Rieg, Siegbert, Sagar, Boettler, Tobias, Zoldan, Katharina, Kochs, Georg, Schwemmle, Martin, Rizzi, Marta, Thimme, Robert, Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph, Hofmann, Maike
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34320609
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03841-4
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author Oberhardt, Valerie
Luxenburger, Hendrik
Kemming, Janine
Schulien, Isabel
Ciminski, Kevin
Giese, Sebastian
Csernalabics, Benedikt
Lang-Meli, Julia
Janowska, Iga
Staniek, Julian
Wild, Katharina
Basho, Kristi
Marinescu, Mircea Stefan
Fuchs, Jonas
Topfstedt, Fernando
Janda, Ales
Sogukpinar, Oezlem
Hilger, Hanna
Stete, Katarina
Emmerich, Florian
Bengsch, Bertram
Waller, Cornelius F.
Rieg, Siegbert
Sagar
Boettler, Tobias
Zoldan, Katharina
Kochs, Georg
Schwemmle, Martin
Rizzi, Marta
Thimme, Robert
Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph
Hofmann, Maike
author_facet Oberhardt, Valerie
Luxenburger, Hendrik
Kemming, Janine
Schulien, Isabel
Ciminski, Kevin
Giese, Sebastian
Csernalabics, Benedikt
Lang-Meli, Julia
Janowska, Iga
Staniek, Julian
Wild, Katharina
Basho, Kristi
Marinescu, Mircea Stefan
Fuchs, Jonas
Topfstedt, Fernando
Janda, Ales
Sogukpinar, Oezlem
Hilger, Hanna
Stete, Katarina
Emmerich, Florian
Bengsch, Bertram
Waller, Cornelius F.
Rieg, Siegbert
Sagar
Boettler, Tobias
Zoldan, Katharina
Kochs, Georg
Schwemmle, Martin
Rizzi, Marta
Thimme, Robert
Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph
Hofmann, Maike
author_sort Oberhardt, Valerie
collection PubMed
description SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines(1–3) mediate protection from severe disease as early as ten days after prime vaccination(3), when neutralizing antibodies are hardly detectable(4–6). Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells may therefore be the main mediators of protection at this early stage(7,8). The details of their induction, comparison to natural infection, and association with other arms of vaccine-induced immunity remain, however, incompletely understood. Here we show on a single-epitope level that a stable and fully functional CD8(+) T cell response is vigorously mobilized one week after prime vaccination with bnt162b2, when circulating CD4(+) T cells and neutralizing antibodies are still weakly detectable. Boost vaccination induced a robust expansion that generated highly differentiated effector CD8(+) T cells; however, neither the functional capacity nor the memory precursor T cell pool was affected. Compared with natural infection, vaccine-induced early memory T cells exhibited similar functional capacities but a different subset distribution. Our results indicate that CD8(+) T cells are important effector cells, are expanded in the early protection window after prime vaccination, precede maturation of other effector arms of vaccine-induced immunity and are stably maintained after boost vaccination.
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spelling pubmed-84261852021-09-27 Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine Oberhardt, Valerie Luxenburger, Hendrik Kemming, Janine Schulien, Isabel Ciminski, Kevin Giese, Sebastian Csernalabics, Benedikt Lang-Meli, Julia Janowska, Iga Staniek, Julian Wild, Katharina Basho, Kristi Marinescu, Mircea Stefan Fuchs, Jonas Topfstedt, Fernando Janda, Ales Sogukpinar, Oezlem Hilger, Hanna Stete, Katarina Emmerich, Florian Bengsch, Bertram Waller, Cornelius F. Rieg, Siegbert Sagar Boettler, Tobias Zoldan, Katharina Kochs, Georg Schwemmle, Martin Rizzi, Marta Thimme, Robert Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph Hofmann, Maike Nature Article SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccines(1–3) mediate protection from severe disease as early as ten days after prime vaccination(3), when neutralizing antibodies are hardly detectable(4–6). Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells may therefore be the main mediators of protection at this early stage(7,8). The details of their induction, comparison to natural infection, and association with other arms of vaccine-induced immunity remain, however, incompletely understood. Here we show on a single-epitope level that a stable and fully functional CD8(+) T cell response is vigorously mobilized one week after prime vaccination with bnt162b2, when circulating CD4(+) T cells and neutralizing antibodies are still weakly detectable. Boost vaccination induced a robust expansion that generated highly differentiated effector CD8(+) T cells; however, neither the functional capacity nor the memory precursor T cell pool was affected. Compared with natural infection, vaccine-induced early memory T cells exhibited similar functional capacities but a different subset distribution. Our results indicate that CD8(+) T cells are important effector cells, are expanded in the early protection window after prime vaccination, precede maturation of other effector arms of vaccine-induced immunity and are stably maintained after boost vaccination. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-07-28 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8426185/ /pubmed/34320609 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03841-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Oberhardt, Valerie
Luxenburger, Hendrik
Kemming, Janine
Schulien, Isabel
Ciminski, Kevin
Giese, Sebastian
Csernalabics, Benedikt
Lang-Meli, Julia
Janowska, Iga
Staniek, Julian
Wild, Katharina
Basho, Kristi
Marinescu, Mircea Stefan
Fuchs, Jonas
Topfstedt, Fernando
Janda, Ales
Sogukpinar, Oezlem
Hilger, Hanna
Stete, Katarina
Emmerich, Florian
Bengsch, Bertram
Waller, Cornelius F.
Rieg, Siegbert
Sagar
Boettler, Tobias
Zoldan, Katharina
Kochs, Georg
Schwemmle, Martin
Rizzi, Marta
Thimme, Robert
Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph
Hofmann, Maike
Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title_full Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title_fullStr Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title_full_unstemmed Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title_short Rapid and stable mobilization of CD8(+) T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
title_sort rapid and stable mobilization of cd8(+) t cells by sars-cov-2 mrna vaccine
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34320609
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03841-4
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