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Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players

BACKGROUND: A ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach, usually adopted for weight loss, that restricts daily carbohydrates under 30 g/day. KD showed contradictory results on sport performance, whilst no data are available on team sports. We sought to investigate the influence of a KD on differ...

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Autores principales: Antonio Paoli, A., Mancin, Laura, Caprio, Massimiliano, Monti, Elena, Narici, Marco V., Cenci, Lorenzo, Piccini, Fabio, Pincella, Matteo, Grigoletto, Davide, Marcolin, Giuseppe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8447662/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34530857
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00459-9
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author Antonio Paoli, A.
Mancin, Laura
Caprio, Massimiliano
Monti, Elena
Narici, Marco V.
Cenci, Lorenzo
Piccini, Fabio
Pincella, Matteo
Grigoletto, Davide
Marcolin, Giuseppe
author_facet Antonio Paoli, A.
Mancin, Laura
Caprio, Massimiliano
Monti, Elena
Narici, Marco V.
Cenci, Lorenzo
Piccini, Fabio
Pincella, Matteo
Grigoletto, Davide
Marcolin, Giuseppe
author_sort Antonio Paoli, A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: A ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach, usually adopted for weight loss, that restricts daily carbohydrates under 30 g/day. KD showed contradictory results on sport performance, whilst no data are available on team sports. We sought to investigate the influence of a KD on different parameters in semi-professional soccer players. METHODS: Subjects were randomly assigned to a iso-protein (1.8 g/Kg body weight/day) ketogenic diet (KD) or western diet (WD) for 30 days. Body weight and body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), cross sectional area (CSA) and isometric muscle strength of quadriceps, counter movement jump (CMJ) and yoyo intermittent recovery test time were measured. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher decrease of body fat (p = 0.0359), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (p = 0.0018), waist circumference (p = 0.0185) and extra-cellular water (p = 0.0060) in KD compared to WD group. Lean soft tissue, quadriceps muscle area, maximal strength and REE showed no changes in both groups. RER decreased significantly in KD (p = 0.0008). Yo-yo intermittent test improved significantly (p < 0.0001) in both groups without significant differences between groups. CMJ significantly improved (p = 0.0021) only in KD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study investigating the effects of a KD on semi-professional soccer players. In our study KD athletes lost fat mass without any detrimental effects on strength, power and muscle mass. When the goal is a rapid weight reduction in such athletes, the use of a KD should be taken into account. TRIAL REGISTRATION: registered retrospectively on Clinical Trial registration number NCT04078971.
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spelling pubmed-84476622021-09-17 Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players Antonio Paoli, A. Mancin, Laura Caprio, Massimiliano Monti, Elena Narici, Marco V. Cenci, Lorenzo Piccini, Fabio Pincella, Matteo Grigoletto, Davide Marcolin, Giuseppe J Int Soc Sports Nutr Research Article BACKGROUND: A ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach, usually adopted for weight loss, that restricts daily carbohydrates under 30 g/day. KD showed contradictory results on sport performance, whilst no data are available on team sports. We sought to investigate the influence of a KD on different parameters in semi-professional soccer players. METHODS: Subjects were randomly assigned to a iso-protein (1.8 g/Kg body weight/day) ketogenic diet (KD) or western diet (WD) for 30 days. Body weight and body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), cross sectional area (CSA) and isometric muscle strength of quadriceps, counter movement jump (CMJ) and yoyo intermittent recovery test time were measured. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher decrease of body fat (p = 0.0359), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (p = 0.0018), waist circumference (p = 0.0185) and extra-cellular water (p = 0.0060) in KD compared to WD group. Lean soft tissue, quadriceps muscle area, maximal strength and REE showed no changes in both groups. RER decreased significantly in KD (p = 0.0008). Yo-yo intermittent test improved significantly (p < 0.0001) in both groups without significant differences between groups. CMJ significantly improved (p = 0.0021) only in KD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study investigating the effects of a KD on semi-professional soccer players. In our study KD athletes lost fat mass without any detrimental effects on strength, power and muscle mass. When the goal is a rapid weight reduction in such athletes, the use of a KD should be taken into account. TRIAL REGISTRATION: registered retrospectively on Clinical Trial registration number NCT04078971. BioMed Central 2021-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8447662/ /pubmed/34530857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00459-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Antonio Paoli, A.
Mancin, Laura
Caprio, Massimiliano
Monti, Elena
Narici, Marco V.
Cenci, Lorenzo
Piccini, Fabio
Pincella, Matteo
Grigoletto, Davide
Marcolin, Giuseppe
Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title_full Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title_fullStr Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title_full_unstemmed Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title_short Effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
title_sort effects of 30 days of ketogenic diet on body composition, muscle strength, muscle area, metabolism, and performance in semi-professional soccer players
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8447662/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34530857
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00459-9
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